Java 21与Spring Boot 3.2.2升级：cxf/jaxb插件适配指南

问题背景 #

将应用从Java 1.8升级至21、Spring Boot从2.5升级至3.2.2时，执行构建遇到以下错误：

Failed to execute goal org.apache.cxf:cxf-codegen-plugin:3.1.10:wsdl2java (generate-sources) on project :
Execution generate-sources of goal org.apache.cxf:cxf-codegen-plugin:3.1.10:wsdl2java failed:
A required class was missing while executing org.apache.cxf:cxf-codegen-plugin:3.1.10:wsdl2java:

尝试多种方案后仍存在其他错误，现需适配Java 21及更高版本，正确升级cxf-codegen-plugin与jaxb-maven-plugin。当前POM文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.2</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>21</java.version>
        <log4j2.version>2.17.0</log4j2.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
            <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
            <version>19.12.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.siegmar</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-gelf</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <executable>true</executable>
                    <includeSystemScope>true</includeSystemScope>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
                <artifactId>cxf-codegen-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.3</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>generate-sources</id>
                        <phase>generate-sources</phase>
                        <configuration>
                            <sourceRoot>${project.build.directory}/generated-sources/</sourceRoot>
                            <wsdlOptions>
                                <wsdlOption>
                                    <wsdl>${basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl/abc.wsdl</wsdl>
                                </wsdlOption>
                            </wsdlOptions>
                        </configuration>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>wsdl2java</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
<!--                https://github.com/highsource/jaxb-tools/wiki/JAXB-Tools-Migration-Guide-->
                <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb</groupId>
                <artifactId>jaxb-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.9</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>generate</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <schemaDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl/abc/</schemaDirectory>
                    <generateDirectory>${project.build.directory}/generated-sources/</generateDirectory>
                    <schemaIncludes>
                        <include>WSSoap.wsdl</include>
                    </schemaIncludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

升级方案 #

1. CXF Codegen Plugin 升级 #

原3.5.3版本对Java 21支持不足，需升级到3.7.7+（完全兼容Java 17/21），同时补充JAXB相关依赖（Java 9+已移除内置JAXB模块）：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-codegen-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.7.7</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>generate-sources</id>
            <phase>generate-sources</phase>
            <configuration>
                <!-- 单独指定生成目录，避免和JAXB插件冲突 -->
                <sourceRoot>${project.build.directory}/generated-sources/cxf</sourceRoot>
                <wsdlOptions>
                    <wsdlOption>
                        <wsdl>${basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl/abc.wsdl</wsdl>
                    </wsdlOption>
                </wsdlOptions>
            </configuration>
            <goals>
                <goal>wsdl2java</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 适配Java 21的Jakarta JAXB依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.xml.bind-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</plugin>

2. JAXB Maven Plugin 替换升级 #

原2.0.9版本过于陈旧，不支持Java 21，需替换为org.jvnet.jaxb:jaxb-maven-plugin 3.1.0+（基于Jakarta EE 9+，适配Java 17/21）：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <goals>
                <goal>generate</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <configuration>
        <schemaDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/wsdl/abc/</schemaDirectory>
        <!-- 单独指定生成目录，避免和CXF插件冲突 -->
        <generateDirectory>${project.build.directory}/generated-sources/jaxb</generateDirectory>
        <schemaIncludes>
            <include>WSSoap.wsdl</include>
        </schemaIncludes>
        <!-- 指定Jakarta命名空间，适配Spring Boot 3.x -->
        <args>
            <arg>-jakarta</arg>
        </args>
    </configuration>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-plugins</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</plugin>

3. 关键注意事项 #

• 两个插件的生成目录需分开配置，避免代码文件冲突
• 统一使用Jakarta EE规范的依赖包（jakarta.xml.bind前缀），Spring Boot 3.x基于Jakarta EE 9+，不再兼容javax.xml.bind
• 确保Maven版本≥3.8.6，否则可能出现Java版本兼容性问题

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jenny