集成Google Mobile Ads SDK遇未定义符号及链接错误求助

多次移除并更新仓库、重装Pods后，仍持续遇到链接错误。完全移除Google Mobile Ads后项目可正常编译，但重新添加后立即报错，甚至创建全新项目仅引入该Pod也无法正常编译。

原有项目错误日志 #

ld: Undefined symbols:
  _kGADErrorDomain, referenced from:
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks getInterstitial] in AdapterAppTracker.a[arm64][2](GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks getInterstitial] in AdapterAppTracker.a[arm64][2](GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks getBannerWithSize:] in AdapterAppTracker.a[arm64][2](GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks onModuleFailed:error:cached:] in AdapterAppTracker.a[arm64][2](GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks onModuleFailed:error:cached:] in AdapterAppTracker.a[arm64][2](GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks setUp] in AdapterAppTracker.a[arm64][2](GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks setUp] in AdapterAppTracker.a[arm64][2](GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)

Podfile片段 #

platform :ios, '14.0'

use_frameworks!

target 'CDLPractice' do
  # Comment the next line if you're not using Swift and don't want to use dynamic frameworks

  # Pods for CDLPractice
  pod 'Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK'
  pod 'Firebase/Core'
  pod 'FirebaseCrashlytics'
  pod 'Firebase/Database', '~> 7.0.0'
  pod 'Firebase/Performance'
  pod 'Firebase/RemoteConfig'
  pod 'Firebase/Storage'
  pod 'FirebaseAnalytics'
  pod 'SwiftLint'
  pod 'ZendeskChatSDK'
  pod 'MBCircularProgressBar'
  pod 'OneSignalXCFramework', '>= 3.0.0', '< 4.0'

end

重新添加Google Mobile Ads后的错误日志 #

Undefined symbols for architecture arm64:
  "_kGADErrorDomain", referenced from:
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks getInterstitial] in AdapterAppTracker(GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks getBannerWithSize:] in AdapterAppTracker(GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks onModuleFailed:error:cached:] in AdapterAppTracker(GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
      -[GADMAdapterAppfireworks setUp] in AdapterAppTracker(GADMAdapterAppfireworks.o)
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (us

全新项目仅引入Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK的错误日志 #

ld: warning: search path '/Users/douglaspalme/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/rTest-cgwpukuijruepmhdmeuupomktnaq/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/GoogleUtilities' not found
ld: warning: search path '/Users/douglaspalme/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/rTest-cgwpukuijruepmhdmeuupomktnaq/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/PromisesObjC' not found
ld: warning: search path '/Users/douglaspalme/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/rTest-cgwpukuijruepmhdmeuupomktnaq/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/nanopb' not found
ld: warning: search path '/Users/douglaspalme/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/rTest-cgwpukuijruepmhdmeuupomktnaq/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/XCFrameworkIntermediates/Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK' not found
ld: warning: search path '/Users/douglaspalme/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/rTest-cgwpukuijruepmhdmeuupomktnaq/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/XCFrameworkIntermediates/GoogleAppMeasurement/AdIdSupport' not found
ld: warning: search path '/Users/douglaspalme/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/rTest-cgwpukuijruepmhdmeuupomktnaq/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/XCFrameworkIntermediates/GoogleAppMeasurement/WithoutAdIdSupport' not found
ld: warning: search path '/Users/douglaspalme/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/rTest-cgwpukuijruepmhdmeuupomktnaq/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/XCFrameworkIntermediates/GoogleUserMessagingPlatform' not found
ld: framework 'FBLPromises' not found
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

解决方案 #

• 彻底清理Pod相关缓存与文件：

  pod cache clean --all
  rm -rf ~/Library/Caches/CocoaPods
  rm -rf Pods
  rm Podfile.lock
  

• 更新CocoaPods到最新稳定版：

  gem install cocoapods
  

• 修复_kGADErrorDomain未定义问题：
  • 在Podfile中指定Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK的稳定版本，例如：

    pod 'Google-Mobile-Ads-SDK', '~> 11.0'
    

  • 检查项目目录，手动移除所有非通过Pod引入的AdapterAppTracker.a或相关静态库文件
• 解决全新项目的FBLPromises找不到问题：
  • 执行pod deintegrate彻底移除现有Pod集成，再重新执行pod install
  • 打开Xcode，检查项目Build Settings中的Framework Search Paths，确保包含$(inherited)配置
  • 删除Xcode的DerivedData目录：

    rm -rf ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData
    

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Douglas W. Palme