Spring Boot应用中AOP Advice未执行问题排查求助

问题背景 #

在Spring Boot应用中实现日志切面，已引入spring-aspects和spring-aop依赖，切面类已成功实例化，但调用Student类的get/set方法时，所有@Before Advice均未触发，控制台无对应日志输出。

核心原因 #

Spring AOP的切面拦截仅对Spring容器管理的Bean实例生效。当前代码中通过new Student()手动创建对象，该对象不属于Spring容器管理，因此切面无法拦截其方法调用。

解决方案 #

1. 将Student类纳入Spring容器管理：给Student类添加@Component注解
2. 从Spring容器获取Student实例：在主类中通过依赖注入或ApplicationContext获取Bean，而非手动new对象

修改后的代码示例 #

1. 实体类Student（添加@Component） #

package com.ayushsingh.aopproject.entity;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component // 新增注解，让Spring管理该类实例
public class Student {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String address;
    private Integer age;
    private Long phone;

    // 省略getter/setter方法
}

2. 主类AopProjectApplication（获取Spring容器中的Student Bean） #

package com.ayushsingh.aopproject;

import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.ayushsingh.aopproject.entity.Student;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
public class AopProjectApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

    @Autowired
    private Student student; // 通过依赖注入获取Spring管理的Student实例

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AopProjectApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        student.setId(1L);
        student.setAddress("Address 1");
        student.setAge(25);
        student.setName("Ayush");
        student.setPhone(8145000047L);
        String name = student.getName();
        System.out.println("Name: " + student.getName());
    }
}

3. 切面类LoggingAspect（无需修改） #

package com.ayushsingh.aopproject.aop;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {

    LoggingAspect() {
        System.out.println("Logging Aspect instansiated");
    }

    @Before("execution(public String com.ayushsingh.aopproject.entity.Student.getName())")
    public void LoggingAdvice1() {
        System.out.println("Advice 1");
    }

    @Before("execution(public String com.ayushsingh.aopproject.entity.Student.getName())")
    public void LoggingAdvice2() {
        System.out.println("Adivce 2");
    }

    @Before("execution(public String com.ayushsingh.aopproject.*.get*())")
    public void LoggingAdvice3() {
        System.out.println("Advice 3");
    }

    @Before("execution(public void com.ayushsingh.aopproject.*.set*(*))")
    public void LoggingAdvice4() {
        System.out.println("Advice 4");
    }

    @Before("execution(public * com.ayushsingh.aopproject.entity.*.get*())")
    public void LoggingAdvice5() {
        System.out.println("Advice 5");
    }
}

预期控制台输出 #

修改后运行应用，控制台会输出各个Advice的日志，示例如下：

2024-02-07T15:20:41.325+05:30  INFO 21704 --- [  restartedMain] c.a.aopproject.AopProjectApplication     : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2024-02-07T15:20:41.408+05:30  INFO 21704 --- [  restartedMain] .e.DevToolsPropertyDefaultsPostProcessor : Devtools property defaults active! Set 'spring.devtools.add-properties' to 'false' to disable
Logging Aspect instansiated
2024-02-07T15:20:42.527+05:30  INFO 21704 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.d.a.OptionalLiveReloadServer       : LiveReload server is running on port 35729
2024-02-07T15:20:42.607+05:30  INFO 21704 --- [  restartedMain] c.a.aopproject.AopProjectApplication     : Started AopProjectApplication in 1.732 seconds (process running for 2.185)
Advice 4
Advice 4
Advice 4
Advice 4
Advice 4
Advice 1
Advice 2
Advice 3
Advice 5
Name: Ayush
Advice 1
Advice 2
Advice 3
Advice 5

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ayush