使用KSP替代Kapt后Android项目构建失败问题排查

开发Android应用时，计划使用Dagger Hilt、Glide，原本采用Kapt，因Hilt相关错误尝试替换为官方推荐的KSP，但替换后项目无法构建，错误信息如下：

> Task :app:kspDebugKotlin FAILED
e: [ksp] No providers found in processor classpath.
e: Error occurred in KSP, check log for detail

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:kspDebugKotlin'.
> A failure occurred while executing org.jetbrains.kotlin.compilerRunner.GradleCompilerRunnerWithWorkers$GradleKotlinCompilerWorkAction
   > Compilation error. See log for more details

* Try:
> Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace.
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

项目配置 #

项目级build.gradle #

buildscript {
    ext {
        kotlin_version = '1.9.22'
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:2.40.1'
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.13'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.9.22"

        def nav_version = "2.5.0"
        classpath "androidx.navigation:navigation-safe-args-gradle-plugin:$nav_version"
    }
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
}


// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
plugins {
    id 'com.android.application' version '8.0.2' apply false
    id 'com.android.library' version '8.0.2' apply false
    id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.android' version '1.9.22' apply false
    id 'com.google.devtools.ksp' version "1.9.22-1.0.17" apply false
}

模块级build.gradle #

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
    id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.android'
    id 'com.google.devtools.ksp'
    id 'androidx.navigation.safeargs.kotlin'
    id 'dagger.hilt.android.plugin'
    id 'kotlin-parcelize'
    id 'com.google.gms.google-services'
}

android {
    namespace 'com.unitytests.virtumarttest'
    compileSdk 33

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.unitytests.virtumarttest"
        minSdk 27
        targetSdk 33
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = '1.8'
    }

    buildFeatures{
        viewBinding true
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.8.0'
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.5.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4'
    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx: 1.8.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.5'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.5.1'


    //apply plugin :"kotlin-kapt"

    //loading button
    implementation 'br.com.simplepass:loading-button-android:2.2.0'

    //Glide
    implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.13.0'

    //circular image
    implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:3.1.0'

    //viewpager2 indicatior
    implementation 'io.github.vejei.viewpagerindicator:viewpagerindicator:1.0.0-alpha.1'

    //stepView
    implementation 'com.shuhart.stepview:stepview:1.5.1'

    //Android Ktx
    implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:2.4.2'

    //Dagger hilt
    implementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android:2.38.1"
    ksp "com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:2.38.1"

    //Firebase
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:21.1.0'
}

问题分析与修复步骤 #

1. 统一Hilt版本并升级至支持KSP的版本 #

项目级gradle中Hilt插件版本是2.40.1，但模块依赖的Hilt核心库和编译器版本是2.38.1，版本不一致。更关键的是，Hilt从2.40版本开始才正式支持KSP，2.38.1版本的hilt-compiler没有KSP支持，导致KSP找不到处理器。

修复：修改模块级dependencies中的Hilt依赖，统一版本到2.40.1：

// Dagger hilt
implementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android:2.40.1"
ksp "com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:2.40.1"

2. 配置Glide的KSP支持（可选，若需完全替换Kapt） #

当前仅替换了Hilt的Kapt依赖，Glide仍未配置KSP版本的编译器。注意Glide从4.14.0版本开始提供KSP支持，若要完全替换Kapt，需升级Glide并添加对应KSP依赖：

// Glide
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.16.0'
ksp 'com.github.bumptech.glide:ksp:4.16.0'

3. 移除重复的Kotlin插件配置 #

项目级build.gradle的buildscript中声明了kotlin-gradle-plugin，但plugins块中已声明org.jetbrains.kotlin.android插件，两者重复，可移除buildscript中的classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.9.22"。

4. 清理缓存并重新构建 #

完成上述修改后，执行Clean Project和Rebuild Project操作，确保旧缓存被清除。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Isuru Dissanayake