OpenLiberty启动时类转换抛出StackOverflowError问题求助

OpenLiberty 23.0.0.12启动时抛出StackOverflowError，使用的Hibernate版本为6.4.2.Final。

错误详情 #

E CWWJP0055E: An error occurred while attempting to transform the org.hibernate.jpa.internal.enhance.EnhancingClassTransformerImpl$Entry Java Class.  The following failure detail was gathered: 
----------
Exception thrown by transformer:
java.lang.StackOverflowError
    at java.base/java.io.InputStream.<init>(InputStream.java:61)
    at com.ibm.ws.artifact.zip.internal.ZipFileEntry$1.<init>(ZipFileEntry.java:199)
    at com.ibm.ws.artifact.zip.internal.ZipFileEntry.getInputStream(ZipFileEntry.java:199)
    at com.ibm.ws.artifact.overlay.internal.DirectoryBasedOverlayContainerImpl$OverlayDelegatingEntry.getInputStream(DirectoryBasedOverlayContainerImpl.java:488)
    at com.ibm.ws.adaptable.module.internal.AdaptableEntryImpl.adapt(AdaptableEntryImpl.java:104)
    at com.ibm.ws.adaptable.module.internal.InterpretedEntryImpl.adapt(InterpretedEntryImpl.java:68)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.ContainerClassLoader$EntryUniversalResource.getActualBytes(ContainerClassLoader.java:373)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.ContainerClassLoader$EntryUniversalResource.getByteResourceInformation(ContainerClassLoader.java:365)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.ContainerClassLoader$SmartClassPathImpl.getByteResourceInformation(ContainerClassLoader.java:1226)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.ContainerClassLoader.findClassBytes(ContainerClassLoader.java:1628)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.findClassBytes(AppClassLoader.java:540)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.findClass(AppClassLoader.java:324)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.findOrDelegateLoadClass(AppClassLoader.java:714)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.loadClass(AppClassLoader.java:586)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.loadClass(AppClassLoader.java:553)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:525)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.enhance.EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.getEnhancer(EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.java:71)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.enhance.EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.transform(EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.java:49)
    at com.ibm.ws.jpa.management.JPAPUnitInfo.transformClass(JPAPUnitInfo.java:1263)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.ClassLoadingServiceImpl$ClassFileTransformerAdapter.transform(ClassLoadingServiceImpl.java:390)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.doTransformation(AppClassLoader.java:382)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.transformClassBytes(AppClassLoader.java:375)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.transformClassBytes(AppClassLoader.java:360)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.findClass(AppClassLoader.java:331)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.findOrDelegateLoadClass(AppClassLoader.java:714)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.loadClass(AppClassLoader.java:586)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.loadClass(AppClassLoader.java:553)
...
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:525)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.enhance.EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.getEnhancer(EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.java:71)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.enhance.EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.transform(EnhancingClassTransformerImpl.java:49)
    at com.ibm.ws.jpa.management.JPAPUnitInfo.transformClass(JPAPUnitInfo.java:1263)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.ClassLoadingServiceImpl$ClassFileTransformerAdapter.transform(ClassLoadingServiceImpl.java:390)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.doTransformation(AppClassLoader.java:382)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.transformClassBytes(AppClassLoader.java:375)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.transformClassBytes(AppClassLoader.java:360)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.findClass(AppClassLoader.java:331)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.findOrDelegateLoadClass(AppClassLoader.java:714)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.loadClass(AppClassLoader.java:586)
    at com.ibm.ws.classloading.internal.AppClassLoader.loadClass(AppClassLoader.java:553)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:525)

持久化单元配置 #

<persistence xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_3_0.xsd"
    version="3.0">
    <persistence-unit name="MY_DB" transaction-type="JTA">
        <description>MY Database</description>
        <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
        <jta-data-source>jdbc/APP/APP_db_hsql</jta-data-source>
        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="false" />
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.default_schema" value="PUBLIC" />
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect" />
            <property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="10000" />
            <property name="hibernate.order_inserts" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.order_updates" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.transaction.jta.platform" value="org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.WebSphereLibertyJtaPlatform" />
            <property name="hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer" value="false"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

类加载器配置 #

<library
    apiTypeVisibility="spec,ibm-api,api,stable,third-party" id="libs">
    <fileset dir="${appl_path}/appl_libs" includes="*.jar"/>
</library>

<classloader
    apiTypeVisibility="spec,ibm-api,api,stable,third-party"
    commonLibraryRef="libs"     
/>

libs目录包含：hsqldb-2.4.1.jar、dom4j-1.6.1.jar、jandex-3.1.6.jar

OpenLiberty特性配置 #

<featureManager>
    <feature>localConnector-1.0</feature>
    <feature>appSecurity-5.0</feature>
    <feature>beanValidation-3.0</feature>
    <feature>cdi-4.0</feature>
    <feature>enterpriseBeansLite-4.0</feature>
    <feature>mail-2.1</feature>
    <feature>restfulWS-3.1</feature>
    <feature>jdbc-4.2</feature>
    <feature>jndi-1.0</feature>
    <feature>persistenceContainer-3.1</feature>
    <feature>faces-4.0</feature>
    <feature>pages-3.1</feature>
    <feature>localConnector-1.0</feature>
    <feature>servlet-6.0</feature>
    <feature>enterpriseBeansPersistentTimer-4.0</feature>
    <feature>xmlBinding-4.0</feature>
    <feature>xmlWS-4.0</feature>
    <feature>messagingClient-3.0</feature>
    <feature>ldapRegistry-3.0</feature>
    <feature>transportSecurity-1.0</feature>
    <feature>connectors-2.1</feature>
</featureManager> 

已尝试的操作：

• 降级Hibernate或升级OpenLiberty版本，问题未解决
• 设置类加载器delegation="parentLast"后，StackOverflowError消失，但persistenceManager无法启动

1. 彻底禁用Hibernate字节码增强 #

错误根源是Hibernate类转换器触发循环加载，现有配置hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer=false不足以完全关闭增强，需添加：
在persistence.xml的properties节点中加入：

<property name="hibernate.bytecode.enhancer.enable" value="false"/>

该配置会彻底关闭Hibernate字节码增强机制，避免类转换器被触发，打破循环加载死循环。

2. 调整类加载器过滤规则 #

修改类加载器配置，将Hibernate类单独隔离，避免被OpenLiberty的JPA容器转换：

<library id="hibernateLibs">
    <fileset dir="${appl_path}/hibernate_libs" includes="*.jar"/>
</library>

<classloader commonLibraryRef="libs,hibernateLibs" delegation="parentFirst">
    <filter delegation="parentLast" pattern="org.hibernate.**"/>
</classloader>

此配置让Hibernate类优先从应用库加载，同时阻止OpenLiberty的JPA容器对Hibernate内部类进行转换，避免循环触发。

3. 替换OpenLiberty JPA特性 #

当前使用的persistenceContainer-3.1会自带容器JPA实现，与Hibernate冲突，替换为通用JPA特性：
在featureManager中修改：

<feature>jpa-3.1</feature>
<!-- 删除 persistenceContainer-3.1 -->

确保persistence.xml中provider节点明确指定Hibernate，避免容器自动选择自带实现。

4. 校验Hibernate依赖完整性 #

确认Hibernate 6.4.2.Final的所有依赖包版本兼容，特别是字节码增强相关的bytebuddy、hibernate-enhance等组件，避免因依赖缺失或版本不匹配导致类加载异常。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jewen