在GitHub Actions中为Flutter构建指定目标平台的方法

Flutter官方的flutter build macos命令确实没有类似--target-platform的参数直接指定架构，但可以通过以下两种方式实现分架构构建：

方式一：通过环境变量指定架构执行Flutter构建 #

在执行flutter build macos前，设置ARCHS环境变量，该变量会传递给底层Xcode构建流程，从而指定目标架构：

• 构建x64架构：

  ARCHS=x86_64 flutter build macos --release
  

• 构建arm64架构：

  ARCHS=arm64 flutter build macos --release
  

方式二：直接调用Xcodebuild命令构建 #

由于Flutter的MacOS构建本质是封装了Xcode的构建流程，你可以直接进入项目的macos目录，使用xcodebuild命令精准指定架构：

• 构建x64架构：

  cd macos
  xcodebuild -workspace Runner.xcworkspace -scheme Runner -configuration Release -arch x86_64 build
  

• 构建arm64架构：

  cd macos
  xcodebuild -workspace Runner.xcworkspace -scheme Runner -configuration Release -arch arm64 build
  

GitHub Workflows中的实践示例 #

可以拆分不同Job分别处理x64和arm64的构建，同时匹配对应架构的Runner以提升构建效率：

jobs:
  build-macos-x64:
    runs-on: macos-13  # x64架构的MacOS Runner
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
        with:
          flutter-version: '3.16.0'
      - run: flutter pub get
      - run: ARCHS=x86_64 flutter build macos --release
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: macos-x64-build
          path: build/macos/Build/Products/Release/

  build-macos-arm64:
    runs-on: macos-14  # arm64架构的MacOS Runner
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
        with:
          flutter-version: '3.16.0'
      - run: flutter pub get
      - run: ARCHS=arm64 flutter build macos --release
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: macos-arm64-build
          path: build/macos/Build/Products/Release/

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者ScottishTapWater