Windows10 WSL2下VSCode调试C++时GDB报错求助

问题现象 #

• 点击「Run C/C++ File」时出现错误：

"warning: GDB: Failed to set controlling terminal: Operation not permitted
"
[1] + Done                       "/usr/bin/gdb" --interpreter=mi --tty=${DbgTerm} 0<"/tmp/Microsoft-MIEngine-In-o2o5gmaj.nup" 1>"/tmp/Microsoft-MIEngine-Out-y3zvkit4.33t"

• 点击「Debug C/C++ File」时出现错误：

ERROR: Unable to start debugging. Unexpected GDB output from command "-exec-run". Warning:
Cannot insert breakpoint 1.
Cannot access memory at address 0x8002509
Cannot insert breakpoint 2.
Cannot access memory at address 0x800279c

The program '/mnt/d/workspace/cpp_tut/hello' has exited with code 42 (0x0000002a).

注：仅手动设置了一个断点，不清楚第二个断点的来源

环境信息 #

OS: Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS on Windows 10 x86_64 
Kernel: 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft
g++ (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 11.4.0
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 12.1-0ubuntu1~22.04) 12.1
VSCode 1.86.2

补充测试结果 #

手动在WSL中使用GDB调试编译后的可执行文件，同样出现断点无法插入问题：

$ gdb ./hello
(gdb) b main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x251d: file /mnt/d/workspace/cpp_tut/hello.cpp, line 8.
(gdb) r
Starting program: /mnt/d/workspace/cpp_tut/hello 
warning: opening /proc/PID/mem file for lwp 1887.1887 failed: No such file or directory (2)
Warning:
Cannot insert breakpoint 1.
Cannot access memory at address 0x8002509

查看/proc/目录未找到对应PID文件夹。已确认g++ ./hello.cpp -o hello可正常生成可执行文件，曾查阅资料得知该问题在WSL2中已修复，但仍出现此情况。

解决方案 #

• 确认并切换到WSL2：当前内核版本4.4.0-19041-Microsoft属于WSL1，执行wsl --list --verbose确认版本，若为WSL1，执行wsl --set-version Ubuntu-22.04 2切换，重启WSL后重试。
• 添加调试符号编译：使用g++ -g ./hello.cpp -o hello编译，生成包含调试信息的可执行文件，GDB依赖调试符号才能正确设置断点。
• 迁移项目到WSL内部目录：将项目从/mnt/d/等Windows挂载目录移到WSL内部目录（如~/workspace/cpp_tut/），避免Windows文件系统权限限制导致GDB无法访问进程内存。
• 更新WSL内核：在Windows终端执行wsl --update，升级到最新WSL2内核，修复已知调试相关bug。
• 调整VSCode调试配置：在launch.json中添加以下配置：

  {
      "version": "0.2.0",
      "configurations": [
          {
              "name": "C/C++: g++ build and debug active file",
              "type": "cppdbg",
              "request": "launch",
              "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
              "args": [],
              "stopAtEntry": true,
              "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
              "environment": [],
              "externalConsole": false,
              "MIMode": "gdb",
              "setupCommands": [
                  {
                      "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                      "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                      "ignoreFailures": true
                  },
                  {
                      "text": "set startup-with-shell off"
                  }
              ],
              "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++ build active file",
              "targetArchitecture": "x86_64"
          }
      ]
  }
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Vyralator