Windows安装Python及pip遇OSError: [WinError 5]权限拒绝问题求助

问题概述 #

在Windows 10系统上安装Python 3.11.4及pip时，反复触发OSError: [WinError 5] Access is denied错误。Python已添加至系统环境变量Path，安装时勾选了「install pip」选项，但安装程序要么跳过该步骤，要么直接报错。后续尝试用ensurepip和get-pip.py手动安装pip，均出现相同权限拒绝错误。

执行py -m ensurepip --upgrade的错误输出 #

C:\Windows\system32>py -m ensurepip --upgrade
Looking in links: c:\Users\Filip\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp084hi0ee
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: [WinError 5] Access is denied
Check the permissions.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen runpy>", line 198, in _run_module_as_main
  File "<frozen runpy>", line 88, in _run_code
  File "C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\ensurepip\__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
    sys.exit(ensurepip._main())
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\ensurepip\__init__.py", line 286, in _main
    return _bootstrap(
           ^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\ensurepip\__init__.py", line 202, in _bootstrap
    return _run_pip([*args, *_PACKAGE_NAMES], additional_paths)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\ensurepip\__init__.py", line 103, in _run_pip
    return subprocess.run(cmd, check=True).returncode
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\subprocess.py", line 571, in run
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, process.args,
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['C:\\Program Files\\Python311\\python.exe', '-W', 'ignore::DeprecationWarning', '-c', '\nimport runpy\nimport sys\nsys.path = ['C:\\Users\\Filip\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmp084hi0ee\\setuptools-65.5.0-py3-none-any.whl', 'C:\\Users\\Filip\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmp084hi0ee\\pip-23.1.2-py3-none-any.whl'] + sys.path\nsys.argv[1:] = ['install', '--no-cache-dir', '--no-index', '--find-links', 'C:\\Users\\Filip\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\tmp084hi0ee', '--upgrade', '--user', 'setuptools', 'pip']\nrunpy.run_module("pip", run_name="__main__", alter_sys=True)\n']' returned non-zero exit status 1.

已尝试的解决方案（均无效） #

• 以管理员身份运行cmd
• 为当前用户分配文件夹权限
• 多次重新安装Python
• 更换多个更高版本的Python尝试
• 在命令中添加--user选项

执行get-pip.py的错误输出 #

C:\TEMP>py get-pip.py
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-24.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.6 kB)
Collecting setuptools
  Downloading setuptools-69.1.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (6.1 kB)
Collecting wheel
  Downloading wheel-0.42.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.2 kB)
Downloading pip-24.0-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)
   ---------------------------------------- 2.1/2.1 MB 10.3 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Downloading setuptools-69.1.0-py3-none-any.whl (819 kB)
   ---------------------------------------- 819.3/819.3 kB 10.4 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Downloading wheel-0.42.0-py3-none-any.whl (65 kB)
   ---------------------------------------- 65.4/65.4 kB ? eta 0:00:00
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: [WinError 5] Access is denied
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

补充信息 #

• 使用Norton杀毒软件，曾短暂关闭杀毒和防火墙，问题依旧
• cmd提示读取临时目录c:\Users\Filip\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpgw775flw，但该目录从未被创建

已解决情况 #

通过安装Python 3.9.0并选择标准推荐安装选项，成功解决了pip安装问题。

疑问 #

仍不清楚为何更高版本的Python会触发此权限拒绝问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Celahir