React Native Expo iOS Release构建报错：Cannot read property 'transformFile' of undefined

通过Xcode或Expo CLI构建iOS应用Release版本时触发报错：Cannot read property 'transformFile' of undefined，但Debug模式下能在模拟器正常运行。

项目信息 #

• React Native v0.73.4
• Node v18.17
• Expo v50（裸工作流）

已尝试的解决方案 #

• 删除package-lock.json、node_modules、pods、podfile.lock后重新安装
• 删除并重建iOS构建文件夹
• 将Node版本降级至v18最低版本
• 终端执行export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider
• 执行npx expo install --fix（新项目无修复内容）

堆栈跟踪 #

error: Cannot read property 'transformFile' of undefined
TypeError: Cannot read property 'transformFile' of undefined
TypeError: Cannot read property 'transformFile' of undefined
    at Bundler.transformFile (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/Bundler.js:43:30)
    at async Object.transform (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/lib/transformHelpers.js:130:12)
    at async transform (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/DeltaBundler/Graph.js:164:26)
    at async visit (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/DeltaBundler/buildSubgraph.js:82:29)
    at async Promise.all (index 0)
    at async buildSubgraph (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/DeltaBundler/buildSubgraph.js:103:3)
    at async Graph._buildDelta (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/DeltaBundler/Graph.js:157:22)
    at async Graph.initialTraverseDependencies (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/DeltaBundler/Graph.js:140:19)
    at async DeltaCalculator._getChangedDependencies (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/DeltaBundler/DeltaCalculator.js:151:25)
    at async DeltaCalculator.getDelta (/Users/[USER]/Documents/Projects/sentiance-expo/node_modules/metro/src/DeltaBundler/DeltaCalculator.js:68:16)

系统信息 #

OS: macOS 13.5.2
  CPU: (10) arm64 Apple M1 Pro
  Memory: 151.78 MB / 16.00 GB
  Shell:
    version: "5.9"
    path: /bin/zsh
Binaries:
  Node:
    version: 18.17.0
    path: ~/.nvm/versions/node/v18.17.0/bin/node
  Yarn:
    version: 1.22.15
    path: ~/.yarn/bin/yarn
  npm:
    version: 9.6.7
    path: ~/.nvm/versions/node/v18.17.0/bin/npm
  Watchman:
    version: 2024.01.22.00
    path: /opt/homebrew/bin/watchman
Managers:
  CocoaPods:
    version: 1.15.2
    path: /opt/homebrew/bin/pod
SDKs:
  iOS SDK:
    Platforms:
      - DriverKit 23.0
      - iOS 17.0
      - macOS 14.0
      - tvOS 17.0
      - watchOS 10.0
  Android SDK: Not Found
IDEs:
  Android Studio: 2023.1 AI-231.9392.1.2311.11330709
  Xcode:
    version: 15.0/15A240d
    path: /usr/bin/xcodebuild
Languages:
  Java:
    version: 17.0.10
    path: /usr/bin/javac
  Ruby:
    version: 2.6.10
    path: /usr/bin/ruby
npmPackages:
  "@react-native-community/cli": Not Found
  react:
    installed: 18.2.0
    wanted: 18.2.0
  react-native:
    installed: 0.73.4
    wanted: 0.73.4
  react-native-macos: Not Found
npmGlobalPackages:
  "*react-native*": Not Found
Android:
  hermesEnabled: true
  newArchEnabled: false
iOS:
  hermesEnabled: true
  newArchEnabled: false

可能的解决方案 #

1. 校验Babel与Metro版本兼容性
   这个报错核心是Metro无法找到正确的Babel转换函数，先检查babel.config.js配置是否符合React Native 0.73.4的要求，再执行npm list @babel/core查看版本，若版本不兼容，安装匹配版本：

   npm install @babel/core@^7.20.0 --save-dev
   

2. 临时禁用Hermes排查冲突
   当前iOS启用了Hermes，尝试在ios/Podfile中关闭Hermes，重新安装pods后构建Release版本：

   use_react_native!(
     :path => config[:reactNativePath],
     # 注释或删除此行
     # :hermes_enabled => true
   )
   

   执行cd ios && pod install后重新构建，若正常则说明Hermes与项目依赖存在冲突，可尝试升级Hermes版本或逐一排查第三方依赖。

3. 清理Metro缓存
   执行命令彻底清理Metro缓存：

   npx metro-cache clean
   

   清理完成后重新构建Release版本。

4. 检查Xcode构建脚本参数
   打开Xcode的Build Phases，查看Bundle React Native code and images的脚本参数，确认Release模式下是否指定了正确的Metro配置文件（比如添加--config metro.config.js），避免参数错误导致Metro初始化异常。

5. 重新生成Expo裸工作流原生文件
   执行以下命令重新生成iOS原生文件，确保Expo配置与React Native版本匹配：

   npx expo prebuild --clean
   

   完成后重新安装pods并构建。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者cyanbird