如何将Ansible Playbook输出转换为可解析的JSON/Python字典？

一、在Ansible Playbook中直接生成目标格式 #

直接修改现有Playbook，添加数据整理任务，一步到位输出符合要求的JSON结构，无需事后解析：

---
- name: Cisco Switch Configuration
  hosts: eleni
  gather_facts: false
  become: true
  vars:
    ansible_network_os: ios
    ansible_connection: network_cli

  tasks:
    - name: 获取设备uptime信息
      ios_command:
        commands:
          - show version | i uptime
      register: show_output

    - name: 汇总为IP-uptime键值对字典
      set_fact:
        uptime_dict: "{{ uptime_dict | default({}) | combine( { inventory_hostname: show_output.stdout | join('\n') } ) }}"
      delegate_to: localhost
      run_once: true

    - name: 输出结构化JSON
      debug:
        var: uptime_dict | to_nice_json
      delegate_to: localhost
      run_once: true

    # 可选：将结果保存到本地文件
    - name: 保存JSON到本地
      copy:
        content: "{{ uptime_dict | to_nice_json }}"
        dest: "./switch_uptime.json"
      delegate_to: localhost
      run_once: true

关键说明： #

• set_fact任务通过combine把每个主机的IP（inventory_hostname）和uptime内容（show_output.stdout用join('\n')合并多行）汇总成一个字典
• delegate_to: localhost和run_once: true确保只在本地执行一次汇总操作，避免重复生成数据

二、解析已有的Ansible原始输出（Python脚本） #

如果已经拿到了Ansible控制台的原始输出，用Python脚本解析并转换为目标JSON：

import re
import json

# 替换为你的Ansible原始输出内容
raw_ansible_output = """
PLAY [Cisco Switch Configuration] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [show uptime and show interface] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.135.147.138]
ok: [10.135.147.205]
ok: [10.135.147.134]

TASK [Display raw output] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.135.147.205] => {
    "show_output.stdout": [
        "sr12sw0013 uptime is 2 weeks, 5 days, 3 hours, 1 minute"
    ]
}
ok: [10.135.147.134] => {
    "show_output.stdout": [
        "sr12swp004 uptime is 2 weeks, 5 days, 3 hours, 1 minute\nSwitch uptime                      : 2 weeks, 5 days, 3 hours, 3 minutes"
    ]
}
ok: [10.135.147.138] => {
    "show_output.stdout": [
        "sr12swp008 uptime is 2 weeks, 5 days, 3 hours, 1 minute"
    ]
}
"""

# 正则匹配每个主机的IP和对应的uptime内容
match_pattern = r'ok: \[(.*?)\] => \{.*?"show_output.stdout": \[(.*?)\]\}'
matches = re.finditer(match_pattern, raw_ansible_output, re.DOTALL)

result_dict = {}
for match in matches:
    ip_addr = match.group(1).strip()
    # 处理字符串转义，还原换行符并去除多余引号
    uptime_content = match.group(2).strip().strip('"').replace(r'\n', '\n')
    result_dict[ip_addr] = uptime_content

# 输出格式化后的JSON
print(json.dumps(result_dict, indent=4))

关键说明： #

• 用re.DOTALL让正则支持跨行匹配，精准提取每个主机的IP和uptime内容
• 处理字符串中的转义字符，确保输出内容和原始一致

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者R__raki__