Capacitor JS安卓构建中Firebase App未初始化致崩溃的解决咨询

问题描述 #

• 使用@capacitor-firebase/authentication实现Firebase谷歌认证，Web应用运行正常，但安卓应用启动即崩溃，报错：

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.demo.application/com.demo.application.MainActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Default FirebaseApp is not initialised in this process, com.demo.application. Make sure to call FirebaseApp.initializeApp(Context) first.

• 已完成的配置：
  • 添加了Google Service JSON文件
  • 相关Gradle配置：
    安卓级Gradle：

    dependencies {
            classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.3.1'
            classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.15'
     }
    

    应用级Gradle：

    dependencies {
        implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
        implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:$androidxAppCompatVersion"
        implementation "androidx.coordinatorlayout:coordinatorlayout:$androidxCoordinatorLayoutVersion"
        implementation "androidx.core:core-splashscreen:$coreSplashScreenVersion"
        implementation project(':capacitor-android')
        testImplementation "junit:junit:$junitVersion"
        androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit:$androidxJunitVersion"
        androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:$androidxEspressoCoreVersion"
        implementation project(':capacitor-cordova-android-plugins')
        implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:21.1.1'
        implementation "com.google.gms:google-services:4.4.1"
    }
    
    apply from: 'capacitor.build.gradle'
    
    try {
        def servicesJSON = file('google-services.json')
        if (servicesJSON.text) {
            apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
        }
    } catch(Exception e) {
    logger.info("google-services.json not found, google-services plugin not applied. Push Notifications won't  work."
    }
    

解决方案 #

1. 正确初始化Firebase JS SDK #

在项目前端入口文件（如src/main.js或src/app.js）中，使用Firebase JS SDK完成初始化，代码示例：

import { initializeApp } from "firebase/app";

// 从Firebase控制台获取的项目配置，需与google-services.json参数一致
const firebaseConfig = {
  apiKey: "你的API_KEY",
  authDomain: "你的AUTH_DOMAIN",
  projectId: "你的PROJECT_ID",
  storageBucket: "你的STORAGE_BUCKET",
  messagingSenderId: "你的MESSAGING_SENDER_ID",
  appId: "你的APP_ID"
};

// 初始化Firebase App
initializeApp(firebaseConfig);

2. 修正Gradle配置错误 #

• 移除应用级Gradle中重复的implementation "com.google.gms:google-services:4.4.1"，谷歌服务插件只需在安卓级Gradle的classpath中声明，无需在应用级依赖重复添加。
• 将判断文件存在的逻辑从servicesJSON.text改为servicesJSON.exists()，避免读取文件内容时触发异常。修正后的应用级Gradle相关代码：

dependencies {
    // 保留其他原有依赖
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:21.1.1'
    // 移除该行：implementation "com.google.gms:google-services:4.4.1"
}

apply from: 'capacitor.build.gradle'

try {
    def servicesJSON = file('google-services.json')
    if (servicesJSON.exists()) {
        apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
    }
} catch(Exception e) {
    logger.info("google-services.json not found, google-services plugin not applied. Push Notifications won't work.")
}

3. 安卓端手动初始化Firebase（兜底方案） #

若上述步骤无效，可在安卓MainActivity中手动初始化Firebase：
打开android/app/src/main/java/com/demo/application/MainActivity.java，添加初始化代码：

import com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp;
import android.content.Context;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    // 检查Firebase是否已初始化，未初始化则手动启动
    if (FirebaseApp.getApps(this).isEmpty()) {
        FirebaseApp.initializeApp((Context) this);
    }
}

4. 清理重建项目 #

• 执行npx cap sync android同步Capacitor配置
• 在Android Studio中执行Build -> Clean Project，再执行Build -> Rebuild Project
• 卸载设备上的旧应用，重新安装测试

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kishan Sardhara