安装PySimpleGUI时遭遇SSL证书验证错误，寻求解决方案

错误信息 #

Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pysimplegui/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pysimplegui/ (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1007)'))) - skipping
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1007)'))) - skipping

WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1007)'))': /simple/pysimplegui/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1007)'))': /simple/pysimplegui/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1007)'))': /simple/pysimplegui/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1007)'))': /simple/pysimplegui/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1007)'))': /simple/pysimplegui/
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement PySimpleGUI (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for PySimpleGUI

解决方法 #

• 临时跳过SSL验证（应急方案，不推荐长期使用）
  执行安装命令时添加信任主机参数：

  pip install PySimpleGUI --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org
  

• 更新pip到最新版本
  旧版pip可能存在SSL兼容性问题，先更新pip：

  pip install --upgrade pip --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org
  

  更新完成后再尝试安装PySimpleGUI。

• 安装/更新系统根证书
  系统缺少必要的SSL根证书会导致验证失败，根据你的操作系统执行对应操作：

  • macOS：打开终端，运行对应Python版本的证书安装脚本（替换X.X为你的Python版本，比如3.10）：

    /Applications/Python\ 3.10/Install\ Certificates.command
    

  • Windows：通过系统设置更新Windows根证书，或者手动安装PyPI网站的SSL根证书。
  • Linux（Debian/Ubuntu）：安装ca-certificates包并更新证书存储：

    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ca-certificates
    sudo update-ca-certificates
    

  • Linux（CentOS/RHEL）：

    sudo yum install ca-certificates
    sudo update-ca-trust extract
    

• 检查代理设置
  如果你的网络使用了代理，代理可能拦截了SSL连接。可以尝试关闭代理后重新安装，或者配置pip使用代理（替换为你的代理地址和端口）：

  pip install PySimpleGUI --proxy http://your-proxy-address:port
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ali Kangooni