Windows环境下搭建Rails应用时Psych依赖安装失败求助

问题背景 #

在新Windows电脑上搭建Ruby 3.2.3 + Rails 7.1.3的应用，执行bundle install时遭遇Psych依赖安装失败，尝试过多种方案仍未解决，报错日志如下：

Temporarily enhancing PATH for MSYS/MINGW...
Installing required msys2 packages: mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libyaml
warning: Public keyring not found; have you run 'pacman-key --init'?
error: clangarm64: key "5F944B027F7FE2091985AA2EFA11531AA0AA7F57" is unknown
error: keyring is not writable
error: mingw32: key "5F944B027F7FE2091985AA2EFA11531AA0AA7F57" is unknown
error: keyring is not writable
error: mingw64: key "5F944B027F7FE2091985AA2EFA11531AA0AA7F57" is unknown
error: keyring is not writable
error: ucrt64: key "5F944B027F7FE2091985AA2EFA11531AA0AA7F57" is unknown
error: keyring is not writable
error: clang32: key "5F944B027F7FE2091985AA2EFA11531AA0AA7F57" is unknown
error: keyring is not writable
error: clang64: key "5F944B027F7FE2091985AA2EFA11531AA0AA7F57" is unknown
error: keyring is not writable
error: msys: key "5F944B027F7FE2091985AA2EFA11531AA0AA7F57" is unknown
error: keyring is not writable
error: database 'clangarm64' is not valid (invalid or corrupted database (PGP signature))
error: database 'mingw32' is not valid (invalid or corrupted database (PGP signature))
error: database 'mingw64' is not valid (invalid or corrupted database (PGP signature))
error: database 'ucrt64' is not valid (invalid or corrupted database (PGP signature))
error: database 'clang32' is not valid (invalid or corrupted database (PGP signature))
error: database 'clang64' is not valid (invalid or corrupted database (PGP signature))
error: database 'msys' is not valid (invalid or corrupted database (PGP signature))

解决方案 #

核心问题是MSYS2密钥环未初始化、权限不足，以及软件数据库签名验证失败，按以下步骤操作：

• 以管理员身份启动MSYS2终端：找到Ruby安装目录对应的MSYS2终端（可通过RubyInstaller启动菜单打开），右键选择「以管理员身份运行」，确保拥有密钥环写入权限。
• 初始化并更新MSYS2密钥环：在终端依次执行命令：

  pacman-key --init
  pacman-key --populate msys2
  pacman -Sy
  

• 手动安装缺失依赖：执行命令安装libyaml包：

  pacman -S mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libyaml
  

• 重新执行bundle install：关闭当前终端，打开普通命令提示符或PowerShell，进入项目目录后运行：

  bundle install
  

• 若仍失败，重置MSYS2数据库：删除数据库缓存后重新更新：

  rm -rf /var/lib/pacman/sync/*
  pacman -Sy
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者hardik