Python调用Spotify API获取歌手热门歌曲时遇TypeError求助

核心错误原因 #

你遇到的TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "function") to str，根源是没有调用get_token函数，只是把函数本身赋值给了token变量：

# 错误写法：仅引用函数对象，未执行获取token的逻辑
token = get_token
# 正确写法：加括号调用函数，拿到返回的token字符串
token = get_token()

当你把函数对象传入get_auth_header时，代码尝试把字符串"Bearer "和函数对象拼接，自然触发类型错误。

其他需修复的问题 #

1. get_songs_by_artist函数无返回值
   当前函数处理完歌曲数据后没有返回，导致后续songs变量为None，遍历会报错。需要添加返回语句：

   def get_songs_by_artist(token, artist_id):
       url = f"https://api.spotify.com/v1/artists/{artist_id}/top-tracks?country=US"
       headers = get_auth_header(token)
       result = get(url, headers=headers)
       json_result = json.loads(result.content)["tracks"]
       return json_result  # 新增返回歌曲列表的语句
   

2. 环境变量与硬编码变量混淆
   代码里同时定义了硬编码的Client_ID/Client_S和从环境变量读取的client_id/client_secret，但get_token用的是硬编码变量，建议统一用环境变量（确保.env文件配置了正确的密钥）：

   def get_token():
       auth_string = client_id + ':' + client_secret  # 改用环境变量读取的密钥
       auth_bytes = auth_string.encode("utf-8")
       auth_base64 = str(base64.b64encode(auth_bytes), "utf-8")
       # 后续代码不变
   

3. 重复导入与拼写错误

   • 删除重复的import base64语句
   • 修正Content-Type的拼写错误：application/x-www-urlencoded → application/x-www-form-urlencoded（符合HTTP规范）

修复后的完整代码 #

import base64
import os
import json
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from requests import post, get

load_dotenv()

# 从环境变量读取Spotify密钥
client_id = os.getenv("Client_ID")
client_secret = os.getenv("Client_S")


def get_token():
    auth_string = client_id + ':' + client_secret
    auth_bytes = auth_string.encode("utf-8")
    auth_base64 = str(base64.b64encode(auth_bytes), "utf-8")

    url = "https://accounts.spotify.com/api/token"
    headers = {
        "Authorization": "Basic " + auth_base64,
        "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
    }
    data = {"grant_type": "client_credentials"}
    result = post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
    json_result = json.loads(result.content)
    token = json_result["access_token"]
    return token


def get_auth_header(token):
    return {"Authorization": "Bearer " + token}


def search_for_artist(token, artist_name):
    url = "https://api.spotify.com/v1/search"
    headers = get_auth_header(token)
    query = f"q={artist_name}&type=artist&limit=1"

    query_url = url + "?" + query
    result = get(query_url, headers=headers)
    json_result = json.loads(result.content)["artists"]["items"]
    if len(json_result) == 0:
        print("没有找到该歌手")
        return None

    return json_result[0]


def get_songs_by_artist(token, artist_id):
    url = f"https://api.spotify.com/v1/artists/{artist_id}/top-tracks?country=US"
    headers = get_auth_header(token)
    result = get(url, headers=headers)
    json_result = json.loads(result.content)["tracks"]
    return json_result


# 修复函数调用逻辑
token = get_token()
result = search_for_artist(token, "ACDC")
if result:
    artist_id = result["id"]
    songs = get_songs_by_artist(token, artist_id)
    print("热门歌曲：")
    for idx, song in enumerate(songs):
        print(f"{idx + 1}. {song['name']}")

额外提示 #

确保你的.env文件和代码在同一目录，内容格式如下：

Client_ID=你的Spotify客户端ID
Client_S=你的Spotify客户端密钥

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者zyrex