在Android Studio的Chaquopy中安装openai时构建失败求助

问题描述 #

在Android Studio中通过Chaquopy导入openai库开发安卓应用时，构建失败。核心错误是缺少Rust的Cargo包管理器，无法编译openai依赖的pydantic-core组件。

模块级build.gradle配置片段 #

chaquopy {
    defaultConfig {
        pyc {
            src = false
        }
        pip {
            install "openai"
        }

        buildPython "C:\\Users\\Vladlen\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python310\\python.exe"
    }
}

完整构建错误输出 #

Cargo, the Rust package manager, is not installed or is not on PATH.
This package requires Rust and Cargo to compile extensions. Install it through
the system's package manager or via https://rustup.rs/

Checking for Rust toolchain....
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed to install pydantic-core==2.16.3 from https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/77/3f/65dbe5231946fe02b4e6ea92bc303d2462f45d299890fd5e8bfe4d1c3d66/pydantic_core-2.16.3.tar.gz#sha256=1cac689f80a3abab2d3c0048b29eea5751114054f032a941a32de4c852c59cad (from pydantic<3,>=1.9.0->openai).
For assistance, please raise an issue at https://github.com/chaquo/chaquopy/issues.
Chaquopy: Exit status 1

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:generateDebugPythonRequirements'.
> Process 'command 'C:\Users\Vladlen\AndroidStudioProjects\AIBook\app\build\python\env\debug\Scripts\python.exe'' finished with non-zero exit value 1 

* Try:
> Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
> Run with --scan to get full insights.
> Get more help at https://help.gradle.org.

* Exception is:
org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskExecutionException: Execution failed for task ':app:generateDebugPythonRequirements'.

Caused by: com.chaquo.python.BuildPythonException: Process 'command 'C:\Users\Vladlen\AndroidStudioProjects\AIBook\app\build\python\env\debug\Scripts\python.exe'' finished with non-zero exit value 1 

To view full details in Android Studio:
* Click the 'Build: failed' caption to the left of this message.
* Then scroll up to see the full output.

解决方法 #

方法1：安装Rust工具链 #

• 下载Rustup并完成安装，安装过程中确保将Cargo添加到系统PATH。
• 重启Android Studio，重新执行构建流程，此时pip会自动编译pydantic-core所需的Rust扩展。

方法2：降级pydantic版本（无需安装Rust） #

pydantic 2.x版本引入了Rust编写的核心组件，而1.x版本为纯Python实现，不需要编译。修改build.gradle的pip配置，强制安装兼容的pydantic 1.x版本：

pip {
    install "openai"
    install "pydantic<2"
}

修改后重新构建，即可跳过Rust编译步骤。

方法3：使用预编译wheel包 #

如果不想安装Rust，可手动下载与Python3.10匹配的pydantic-core预编译wheel包，放置到项目的app/src/main/python目录下，然后修改pip配置：

pip {
    install "--no-index", "--find-links=src/main/python", "pydantic-core"
    install "openai"
}

注意wheel包需与你的Python版本、目标安卓架构一致。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jack