无法从Azure DevOps Pipeline YAML传参至CloudFormation YAML的问题

我在Azure DevOps Pipeline的yaml文件中无法将参数传递到CloudFormation的yaml文件，报错：

##[error]ValidationError: Parameters: [EnvironmentType] must have values

即EnvironmentType参数未成功传递。

azure-pipeline.yaml 配置 #

pool:
  name: AWS

variables:
  ArtifactName: update-email

stages:
- stage: Build
  displayName: Build Stage
  ...

- stage: DeployToDev
  displayName: 'Deploy To Dev'
  variables:
    EnvironmentType: 'dev'
    AwsCredentials: '${{ variables.EnvironmentType }}-xx'
    AwsRegion: 'eu-central-1'
    CodeBucket: 's3-$(EnvironmentType)-xx'
    BucketPrefix: 'xx-$(ArtifactName)'
    StackName: 'clf-$(EnvironmentType)-xx'
  jobs:
  - job: DeployToDev
    steps:
    ...
    - task: AmazonWebServices.aws-vsts-tools.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack@1
      displayName: 'Create/Update Stack: $(StackName)'
      inputs:
        awsCredentials: ${{ variables.AwsCredentials }}
        regionName: $(AwsRegion)
        stackName: $(StackName)
        templateFile: '$(ArtifactName)/clf-xx-$(EnvironmentType).yml'
        parameters: |
          EnvironmentType=$(EnvironmentType)

clf.yaml 配置 #

Parameters:
  EnvironmentType:
    Description: 部署环境类型
    Type: String
    AllowedValues:
      - dev
      - prod

Resources:
  xx:
    Type: AWS::Lambda::Function
    Properties:
      FunctionName: !Sub "lbd-${EnvironmentType}-xx"
      ...

已尝试的写法 #

1. 使用templateParameters字段 #

- task: AmazonWebServices.aws-vsts-tools.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack@1
  displayName: 'Create/Update Stack: $(StackName)'
  inputs:
    awsCredentials: ${{ variables.AwsCredentials }}
    regionName: $(AwsRegion)
    stackName: $(StackName)
    templateFile: '$(ArtifactName)/clf-xx-$(EnvironmentType).yml'
    templateParameters: |
      - ParameterKey: EnvironmentType
        ParameterValue: ${{variables.EnvironmentType}}

2. 在parameters字段使用ParameterKey格式 #

- task: AmazonWebServices.aws-vsts-tools.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack@1
  displayName: 'Create/Update Stack: $(StackName)'
  inputs:
    awsCredentials: ${{ variables.AwsCredentials }}
    regionName: $(AwsRegion)
    stackName: $(StackName)
    templateFile: '$(ArtifactName)/clf-xx-$(EnvironmentType).yml'
    parameters: |
      - ParameterKey: EnvironmentType
        ParameterValue: ${{variables.EnvironmentType}}

3. 设置templateParametersSource为inline #

- task: AmazonWebServices.aws-vsts-tools.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack@1
  displayName: 'Create/Update Stack: $(StackName)'
  inputs:
    awsCredentials: ${{ variables.AwsCredentials }}
    regionName: $(AwsRegion)
    stackName: $(StackName)
    templateFile: '$(ArtifactName)/clf-xx-$(EnvironmentType).yml'
    templateParametersSource: inline
    templateParameters: 
      - ParameterKey: EnvironmentType
        ParameterValue: 'dev'

第三种写法报错：A sequence was not expected，指向ParameterKey行。

我知道可以用SSM，但希望仅通过CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack任务解决问题。请问我是否遗漏了什么配置？该任务是否支持这种传参方式？

解决方案 #

1. 修正parameters字段的变量替换方式 #

原写法中使用运行时变量$(EnvironmentType)，可以替换为编译期解析的模板表达式${{ variables.EnvironmentType }}，确保参数在任务执行前就被正确注入：

parameters: |
  EnvironmentType=${{ variables.EnvironmentType }}

2. 正确使用templateParameters字段 #

当设置templateParametersSource: inline时，templateParameters需要传入JSON格式的字符串，而非YAML数组。修正后的写法如下：

- task: AmazonWebServices.aws-vsts-tools.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack.CloudFormationCreateOrUpdateStack@1
  displayName: 'Create/Update Stack: $(StackName)'
  inputs:
    awsCredentials: ${{ variables.AwsCredentials }}
    regionName: $(AwsRegion)
    stackName: $(StackName)
    templateFile: '$(ArtifactName)/clf-xx-$(EnvironmentType).yml'
    templateParametersSource: inline
    templateParameters: |
      [
        {
          "ParameterKey": "EnvironmentType",
          "ParameterValue": "${{ variables.EnvironmentType }}"
        }
      ]

3. 确认变量作用域与替换时机 #

阶段级变量EnvironmentType使用${{ variables.EnvironmentType }}会在Pipeline编译阶段完成替换，而$(EnvironmentType)是运行时替换。如果任务运行时无法读取变量，优先使用模板表达式。

4. 验证模板文件的正确性 #

确保templateFile指向的CloudFormation模板中，Parameters部分确实定义了EnvironmentType，且没有拼写错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mapotofu