Docker环境下Nginx双PHP应用路由转发报文件未找到问题求助

用户在Docker部署环境中，尝试通过Nginx将/api/(get-deals|get-deals/[^/]+|get-categories)这类API端点请求转发至对应index.php的PHP应用，其余请求转发至对应index-admin.php的PHP应用，但始终触发“文件未找到”错误。已确认/var/www/public目录下存在index.php和index-admin.php文件，以下是相关配置文件：

原Nginx配置 #

resolver 127.0.0.11;

server {

    listen [::]:80;
    listen 80;

    root /var/www/public;  

    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";

    error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;

    index index.php index-admin.php; 

    charset utf-8;

    location ~ /${MINIO_BUCKET}/(.*)/(.*)$ {
        set $dir $1;
        set $last_path_component $2;
        proxy_pass ${MINIO_URL}/${MINIO_BUCKET}/$dir/$last_path_component$is_args$args;
        proxy_pass_request_headers off;

        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Connection "";
        chunked_transfer_encoding off;
            
        proxy_hide_header Strict-Transport-Security;
        proxy_hide_header Content-Security-Policy;

        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        
        proxy_buffering off;
    }                                                       

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index-admin.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ ^/api/(get-deals|get-deals/[^/]+|get-categories) {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
    location = /robots.txt  { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

    error_page 404 /index.php;
    error_page 404 /index-admin.php;

    location ~ /index\.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass ${PHP_CONTAINER}:${PHP_PORT};
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~ /index-admin\.php$ { 
        fastcgi_pass ${PHP_CONTAINER_ADMIN}:${PHP_PORT};
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }


    location ~ /\.(?!well-known).* {
        deny all;
    }
}

原Dockerfile #

FROM harbor.management.fib.dc/proxy_cache/nginx:stable-alpine
WORKDIR /var/www/public/

RUN apk add --no-cache tzdata && echo "<?php" > index.php
RUN apk add --no-cache tzdata && echo "<?php" > index-admin.php

COPY conf/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/templates/default.conf.template
COPY conf/config.template.json /etc/nginx/templates/config.json.template

问题排查与修复方案 #

1. 修复冲突的error_page配置 #

同时设置两个error_page 404会导致仅最后一个配置生效，删除冗余项：

# 保留一个符合业务逻辑的404跳转，其余删除
error_page 404 /index-admin.php;

2. 优化API路由的try_files逻辑 #

API请求对应的$uri（如/api/get-deals）本身不存在于磁盘，无需执行磁盘文件检查，直接重写至index.php即可：

location ~ ^/api/(get-deals|get-deals/[^/]+|get-categories) {
    rewrite ^ /index.php?$query_string last;
}

3. 调整FastCGI location的匹配优先级 #

将index.php和index-admin.php的location改为精确匹配，避免正则匹配的优先级冲突：

location = /index.php {
    fastcgi_pass ${PHP_CONTAINER}:${PHP_PORT};
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
}

location = /index-admin.php { 
    fastcgi_pass ${PHP_CONTAINER_ADMIN}:${PHP_PORT};
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
}

4. 验证Docker容器内文件权限 #

确保Nginx进程（通常为nginx用户）拥有读取index.php和index-admin.php的权限，在Dockerfile中添加权限配置：

FROM harbor.management.fib.dc/proxy_cache/nginx:stable-alpine
WORKDIR /var/www/public/

RUN apk add --no-cache tzdata && echo "<?php" > index.php
RUN apk add --no-cache tzdata && echo "<?php" > index-admin.php
# 添加权限设置
RUN chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/public && chmod -R 755 /var/www/public

COPY conf/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/templates/default.conf.template
COPY conf/config.template.json /etc/nginx/templates/config.json.template

5. 调试FastCGI路径（可选） #

若问题仍存在，可添加日志确认SCRIPT_FILENAME是否正确：

location = /index.php {
    fastcgi_pass ${PHP_CONTAINER}:${PHP_PORT};
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    # 添加调试日志
    access_log /var/log/nginx/api-access.log "$request_uri -> $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name";
    include fastcgi_params;
}

查看/var/log/nginx/api-access.log确认路径是否为/var/www/public/index.php。

修改后的完整Nginx配置示例 #

resolver 127.0.0.11;

server {
    listen [::]:80;
    listen 80;

    root /var/www/public;  

    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";

    error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;

    index index.php index-admin.php; 

    charset utf-8;

    location ~ /${MINIO_BUCKET}/(.*)/(.*)$ {
        set $dir $1;
        set $last_path_component $2;
        proxy_pass ${MINIO_URL}/${MINIO_BUCKET}/$dir/$last_path_component$is_args$args;
        proxy_pass_request_headers off;

        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Connection "";
        chunked_transfer_encoding off;
            
        proxy_hide_header Strict-Transport-Security;
        proxy_hide_header Content-Security-Policy;

        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        
        proxy_buffering off;
    }                                                       

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index-admin.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ ^/api/(get-deals|get-deals/[^/]+|get-categories) {
        rewrite ^ /index.php?$query_string last;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
    location = /robots.txt  { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

    error_page 404 /index-admin.php;

    location = /index.php {
        fastcgi_pass ${PHP_CONTAINER}:${PHP_PORT};
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location = /index-admin.php { 
        fastcgi_pass ${PHP_CONTAINER_ADMIN}:${PHP_PORT};
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~ /\.(?!well-known).* {
        deny all;
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Zheer Ardalan