Anaconda Python3.6环境安装opencv-python构建wheel失败问题

我按照CenterPose仓库的环境配置步骤操作，执行以下命令安装opencv-python时失败：

(CenterPose) mona@ada:/data/CenterPose/data$ pip install opencv-python

错误日志 #

-- Installing: /tmp/pip-install-wjrf6kvm/opencv-python_e5e6222fa4024d2d8f3e1d1c3bd5fb1f/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/share/opencv4/lbpcascades/lbpcascade_profileface.xml
  -- Installing: /tmp/pip-install-wjrf6kvm/opencv-python_e5e6222fa4024d2d8f3e1d1c3bd5fb1f/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/share/opencv4/lbpcascades/lbpcascade_silverware.xml
  Copying files from CMake output
  creating directory _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/cv2
  copying _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/python/cv2/python-3/cv2.abi3.so -> _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/cv2/cv2.abi3.so
  copying _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/python/cv2/__init__.py -> _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/cv2/__init__.py
  copying _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/python/cv2/load_config_py2.py -> _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/cv2/load_config_py2.py
  copying _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/python/cv2/load_config_py3.py -> _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/cv2/load_config_py3.py
  copying _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/python/cv2/config.py -> _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/cv2/config.py
  copying _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/python/cv2/config-3.py -> _skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.6/cmake-install/cv2/config-3.py
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/home/mona/anaconda3/envs/CenterPose/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 349, in <module>
      main()
    File "/home/mona/anaconda3/envs/CenterPose/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 331, in main
      json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
    File "/home/mona/anaconda3/envs/CenterPose/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 249, in build_wheel
      metadata_directory)
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-o9p39xto/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 231, in build_wheel
      wheel_directory, config_settings)
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-o9p39xto/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 215, in _build_with_temp_dir
      self.run_setup()
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-o9p39xto/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 268, in run_setup
      self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-o9p39xto/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 158, in run_setup
      exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
    File "setup.py", line 537, in <module>
      main()
    File "setup.py", line 310, in main
      cmake_source_dir=cmake_source_dir,
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-o9p39xto/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 683, in setup
      cmake_install_dir,
    File "setup.py", line 450, in _classify_installed_files_override
      raise Exception("Not found: '%s'" % relpath_re)
  Exception: Not found: 'python/cv2/py.typed'
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-python
Failed to build opencv-python
ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

复现步骤 #

• 克隆CenterPose仓库

  CenterPose_ROOT=/path/to/clone/CenterPose
  git clone https://github.com/NVlabs/CenterPose.git $CenterPose_ROOT
  

• 创建并激活conda环境

  conda create -n CenterPose python=3.6
  conda activate CenterPose
  

• 安装依赖文件

  pip install -r requirements.txt
  

• 安装eigenpy

  conda install -c conda-forge eigenpy
  

系统信息 #

执行uname -a输出：

Linux ada 6.5.0-21-generic #21~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Feb  9 13:32:52 UTC 2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

执行lsb_release -a输出：

LSB Version:    core-11.1.0ubuntu4-noarch:security-11.1.0ubuntu4-noarch
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS
Release:    22.04
Codename:   jammy

解决方案 #

这个报错是因为opencv-python新版本不再兼容Python3.6，py.typed是类型提示文件，新版本opencv-python构建时会依赖该文件，但Python3.6环境下无法正确生成或找到它，可通过以下两种方式解决：

1. 指定安装兼容Python3.6的opencv-python版本
   执行命令安装适配Python3.6的稳定版本：

pip install opencv-python==4.5.5.62

2. 改用conda安装opencv
   跳过pip安装，直接从conda-forge源安装opencv，避免版本兼容问题：

conda install -c conda-forge opencv

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mona Jalal