向Controller注入UserStore与UserManager时抛出异常

我希望将Razor页面/模型中的逻辑迁移至Controller以优化项目结构，现有一个继承自IdentityUser的ForumUser类。原本在Razor页面中，UserManager<ForumUser>、SignInManager及UserStore<ForumUser>均能正常工作，但迁移至Controller通过构造函数注入时，出现如下异常：

InvalidOperationException: Unable to resolve service for type 'EweForum.Infrastructure.Data.Extensions.ForumUserStore' while attempting to activate 'EweForum.Controllers.AccountController'.

即使替换为UserStore<ForumUser>或使用自定义的ForumUserStore、ForumUserManager也无法解决。已在program.cs中通过AddDefaultIdentity<ForumUser>配置了正确的用户类，并添加了自定义的UserManager和UserStore，相关代码如下：

Program.cs 代码 #

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using EweForum.Data;
using EweForum.Infrastructure.Data.Models;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Options;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore;
using EweForum.Infrastructure.Data.Extensions;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var connectionString = builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection") ?? throw new InvalidOperationException("Connection string 'EweForumContextConnection' not found.");

builder.Services.AddDbContext<EweForumContext>(options =>
    options.UseSqlServer(connectionString));

builder.Services.AddDefaultIdentity<ForumUser>(options =>
{
    options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = false;
    options.Password.RequireDigit = false;
    options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;
    options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;


})
    .AddUserManager<ForumUserManager>()
    .AddUserStore<ForumUserStore>()
    .AddEntityFrameworkStores<EweForumContext>();

// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllersWithViews();
builder.Services.AddRazorPages();

var app = builder.Build();

// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
    // The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
    app.UseHsts();
}

app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();

app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();;

app.UseAuthorization();


app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
    endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
        name: "default",
        pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
    endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});

app.Run();

相关类代码 #

public class ForumUser : IdentityUser

public class AccountController : Controller
{
    private readonly EweForumContext _context;
    private readonly SignInManager<ForumUser> _signInManager;
    private readonly ForumUserManager _userManager;
    private readonly ForumUserStore _userStore;
    private readonly Logger<RegisterModel> _logger;


    public AccountController(EweForumContext context,
                            SignInManager<ForumUser> signInManager,
                            ForumUserManager userManager,
                            ForumUserStore userStore,
                            Logger<RegisterModel>logger)
    {
        _context = context;
        _signInManager = signInManager;
        _userManager = userManager; 
        _userStore = userStore;
        _logger = logger;

    }

public class ForumUserManager : UserManager<ForumUser>
{

    public ForumUserManager(IUserStore<ForumUser> store,
        IOptions<IdentityOptions> optionsAccessor,
        IPasswordHasher<ForumUser> passwordHasher,
        IEnumerable<IUserValidator<ForumUser>> userValidators,
        IEnumerable<IPasswordValidator<ForumUser>> passwordValidators,
        ILookupNormalizer keyNormalizer, IdentityErrorDescriber errors,
        IServiceProvider services, ILogger<UserManager<ForumUser>> logger) : base(store, optionsAccessor, passwordHasher, userValidators, passwordValidators, keyNormalizer, errors, services, logger)
    {
    }
}

public class ForumUserStore : UserStore<ForumUser>
{
    public ForumUserStore(EweForumContext context, IdentityErrorDescriber describer = null) : base(context, describer)
    {
    }
}

1. 调整服务注册顺序 #

AddEntityFrameworkStores会默认注册UserStore<ForumUser>，需将自定义AddUserStore<ForumUserStore>移至AddEntityFrameworkStores之后，确保自定义Store覆盖默认注册：

builder.Services.AddDefaultIdentity<ForumUser>(options =>
{
    options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = false;
    options.Password.RequireDigit = false;
    options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;
    options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;
})
.AddUserManager<ForumUserManager>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<EweForumContext>()
.AddUserStore<ForumUserStore>(); // 调整位置到AddEntityFrameworkStores之后

2. 显式注册自定义Store具体类型 #

AddUserStore仅注册IUserStore<ForumUser>接口到ForumUserStore实现，若要直接注入ForumUserStore具体类，需显式添加注册：

builder.Services.AddScoped<ForumUserStore>();

3. 修复Logger注入错误 #

AccountController中注入的Logger<RegisterModel>属于Razor页面模型，应替换为当前Controller对应的Logger：

private readonly ILogger<AccountController> _logger;

public AccountController(EweForumContext context,
                        SignInManager<ForumUser> signInManager,
                        ForumUserManager userManager,
                        ForumUserStore userStore,
                        ILogger<AccountController> logger)
{
    _context = context;
    _signInManager = signInManager;
    _userManager = userManager; 
    _userStore = userStore;
    _logger = logger;
}

4. 验证自定义Manager的依赖参数 #

确保ForumUserManager的构造函数参数均能被DI容器解析，当前构造函数符合UserManager基类要求，无需修改。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者maria8829