执行dotnet workload update后.NET MAUI项目构建失败

问题现象 #

执行dotnet workload update后，项目构建时触发MSB4018错误，核心原因是找不到8.0.2版本的Microsoft.NETCore.App.Runtime.AOT.osx-x64.Cross.ios-arm64包（该包被workload更新操作移除）。错误日志示例：

/usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk/17.2.8043/targets/Xamarin.Shared.Sdk.targets(1214,3): error MSB4018: The "AOTCompile" task failed unexpectedly. [/Users/davidrutter/Projects/simul_bcfo1/aspnet-core/src/Simul_BCFO.Maui/Simul_BCFO.Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios]
/usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk/17.2.8043/targets/Xamarin.Shared.Sdk.targets(1214,3): error MSB4018: System.AggregateException: One or more errors occurred. (One or more errors occurred. (One or more errors occurred. (An error occurred trying to start process '/usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.NETCore.App.Runtime.AOT.osx-x64.Cross.ios-arm64/8.0.2/Sdk/../tools/mono-aot-cross' with working directory '/Users/davidrutter/Projects/simul_bcfo1/aspnet-core/src/Simul_BCFO.Maui'. No such file or directory))) (One or more errors occurred. (One or more errors occurred. (An error occurred trying to start process '/usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.NETCore.App.Runtime.AOT.osx-x64.Cross.ios-arm64/8.0.2/Sdk/../tools/mono-aot-cross' with working directory '/Users/davidrutter/Projects/simul_bcfo1/aspnet-core/src/Simul_BCFO.Maui'. No such file or directory))) [/Users/davidrutter/Projects/simul_bcfo1/aspnet-core/src/Simul_BCFO.Maui/Simul_BCFO.Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios]

解决步骤 #

• 检查当前SDK和workload状态
  运行以下命令确认已安装组件：

  dotnet --list-sdks
  dotnet workload list
  

  确认是否存在8.0.x系列SDK，以及iOS workload的完整性。

• 修复缺失的AOT包或iOS workload
  直接安装指定版本的缺失包：

  dotnet add package Microsoft.NETCore.App.Runtime.AOT.osx-x64.Cross.ios-arm64 --version 8.0.2
  

  或者修复整个iOS workload：

  dotnet workload repair ios
  

• 调整项目依赖的SDK版本
  打开项目的.csproj文件：

  • 若存在<RuntimeFrameworkVersion>8.0.2</RuntimeFrameworkVersion>或类似硬编码版本节点，将其改为当前已安装的8.0.x稳定版本（例如8.0.5），或者直接移除该节点，让项目自动匹配兼容版本。
  • 确保<TargetFramework>节点为net8.0-ios。

• 清理缓存并重新构建
  执行以下命令重置项目状态：

  dotnet clean
  dotnet restore
  dotnet build
  

• 极端情况：重新安装.NET SDK和MAUI workload
  如果以上步骤无效，彻底卸载现有.NET 8 SDK，下载最新版.NET 8 SDK重新安装，然后重新部署MAUI workload：

  dotnet workload install maui ios
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者David Rutter