如何用Searchkick和Elasticsearch为同一字段添加多范围筛选

在Rails应用中，Product模型通过Searchkick与Elasticsearch集成，esp字段的单范围筛选可通过以下方式实现：

Product.search('*', where: { esp: 100..200 })

但直接尝试多范围筛选时会触发错误，以下是两种错误写法及对应报错：

错误写法1 #

Product.search('*', where: { esp: [100..200, 500..600] })

报错信息：

Searchkick::InvalidQueryError ([400] {"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"query_shard_exception","reason":"failed to create query: multiple points","index_uuid":"bMBebzhDSB2QKnaynoOHWQ","index":"public_products_development_20240202154554635"}],"type":"search_phase_execution_exception","reason":"all shards failed","phase":"query","grouped":true,"failed_shards":[{"shard":0,"index":"public_products_development_20240202154554635","node":"8-khPyjBS5SmR3Pea20QRg","reason":{"type":"query_shard_exception","reason":"failed to create query: multiple points","index_uuid":"bMBebzhDSB2QKnaynoOHWQ","index":"public_products_development_20240202154554635","caused_by":{"type":"number_format_exception","reason":"multiple points"}}]},"status":400})

错误写法2 #

Product.search('*', where: { esp: [{gte: 0, lte: 100}, {gte: 500, lte: 1000}] })

报错信息：

Searchkick::InvalidQueryError ([400] {"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"query_shard_exception","reason":"failed to create query: For input string: "{"","index_uuid":"bMBebzhDSB2QKnaynoOHWQ","index":"public_products_development_20240202154554635"}],"type":"search_phase_execution_exception","reason":"all shards failed","phase":"query","grouped":true,"failed_shards":[{"shard":0,"index":"public_products_development_20240202154554635","node":"8-khPyjBS5SmR3Pea20QRg","reason":{"type":"query_shard_exception","reason":"failed to create query: For input string: "{"","index_uuid":"bMBebzhDSB2QKnaynoOHWQ","index":"public_products_development_20240202154554635","caused_by":{"type":"number_format_exception","reason":"For input string: "{""}}]},"status":400})

正确解决方案 #

Searchkick支持通过布尔逻辑组合多个范围条件，有两种实现方式：

方式1：使用查询块（Query Block） #

利用Searchkick的DSL直接构造或逻辑连接的范围筛选：

Product.search('*') do
  where { (esp >= 100) & (esp <= 200) | (esp >= 500) & (esp <= 600) }
end

方式2：直接构造Elasticsearch布尔查询 #

通过where参数传入符合Elasticsearch语法的布尔查询结构：

Product.search('*', where: {
  bool: {
    should: [
      { range: { esp: { gte: 100, lte: 200 } } },
      { range: { esp: { gte: 500, lte: 600 } } }
    ],
    minimum_should_match: 1
  }
})

这两种方式都会生成Elasticsearch的多范围筛选查询，满足esp字段匹配任意一个指定范围的需求。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Parth Thakur