Java继承中子类方法调用无法传递计算值问题求助

核心问题梳理 #

• 继承关系颠倒：错误地将主程序类RunEmployee1作为父类，正确设计应该是定义Employee基类，由全职、兼职子类继承并实现各自的薪资逻辑。
• static变量滥用：所有属性都用static修饰，导致不同对象共享同一数据；子类还重复定义同名static变量，遮蔽父类数据，造成输入值无法正确传递到输出。
• 方法逻辑混乱：set/get方法职责错位（比如set方法里还做控制台输入），输出方法存在语法错误（如PartTimeEmployee1的writeOutput3里有多余加号）。
• 主程序逻辑冗余：不管用户选择全职还是兼职，都实例化所有子类并调用输出，导致无关的0.0薪资输出。

修正后的完整代码 #

1. 基类Employee（统一员工属性与行为） #

public class Employee {
    protected String name;

    // 构造方法初始化姓名
    public Employee(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    // 抽象方法，子类必须实现自己的薪资计算
    public abstract double getSalary();

    // 输出员工基本信息
    public void printBasicInfo() {
        System.out.println("Employee's name is: " + name);
    }
}

2. 全职员工子类FullTimeEmployee #

public class FullTimeEmployee extends Employee {
    private double monthlySalary;

    public FullTimeEmployee(String name, double monthlySalary) {
        super(name); // 调用父类构造方法初始化姓名
        this.monthlySalary = monthlySalary;
    }

    @Override
    public double getSalary() {
        return monthlySalary;
    }

    // 输出全职薪资
    public void printFullTimeSalary() {
        System.out.println("Employee's Full time Monthly Salary is: " + getSalary());
    }
}

3. 兼职员工子类PartTimeEmployee #

public class PartTimeEmployee extends Employee {
    private int workedHours;
    private double hourlyRate;

    public PartTimeEmployee(String name, int workedHours, double hourlyRate) {
        super(name);
        this.workedHours = workedHours;
        this.hourlyRate = hourlyRate;
    }

    @Override
    public double getSalary() {
        return workedHours * hourlyRate; // 计算兼职薪资
    }

    // 输出兼职薪资
    public void printPartTimeSalary() {
        System.out.println("Employee's Part time Monthly Wage is: " + getSalary());
    }
}

4. 主程序类RunEmployee（处理输入与对象创建） #

import java.util.Scanner;

public class RunEmployee {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name;
        char position;

        System.out.println("Enter Employee name: ");
        name = sc.nextLine();

        System.out.println("Type F for Full time or P for Part time: ");
        System.out.println("Use Capital Letter only!");
        position = sc.next().charAt(0);

        switch (position) {
            case 'F':
                System.out.println("You are a Full time Employee!");
                System.out.println("Enter your Monthly Wage: ");
                double monthlySalary = sc.nextDouble();
                FullTimeEmployee fullTimeEmp = new FullTimeEmployee(name, monthlySalary);
                fullTimeEmp.printBasicInfo();
                fullTimeEmp.printFullTimeSalary();
                break;
            case 'P':
                System.out.println("You are a Part time Employee!");
                System.out.println("Enter the number of hours you worked in: ");
                int hours = sc.nextInt();
                System.out.println("Enter the hourly rate you are working in: ");
                double rate = sc.nextDouble();
                PartTimeEmployee partTimeEmp = new PartTimeEmployee(name, hours, rate);
                partTimeEmp.printBasicInfo();
                partTimeEmp.printPartTimeSalary();
                break;
            default:
                System.out.println("You are not an Employee!");
        }
        sc.close();
    }
}

修复后效果 #

选择兼职（P），输入姓名Name、工时5、时薪100，输出如下：

Enter Employee name: Name
Type F for Full time or P for Part time: Use Capital Letter only!
P
You are a Part time Employee!
Enter the number of hours you worked in: 5
Enter the hourly rate you are working in: 100
Employee's name is: Name
Employee's Part time Monthly Wage is: 500.0

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者玉ねぎ忍者