无法通过factoryBoy类创建实例的Django技术求助

问题概述 #

在Django Shell中尝试通过自定义factory_boy类创建WebShareFileFolders模型实例时，调用类或create()方法均触发报错，最终确认问题源于错误的导入方式。

环境信息 #

• Python 3.7.9
• factory-boy 3.3.0

自定义Factory类代码 #

文件路径：webshare/tests/factories/WebShareFileFactoryBoy.py

import factory
from webshare.models import WebShareFileFolders

class WebShareFileFactoryBoy(factory.django.DjangoModelFactory):
    class Meta:
        model = WebShareFileFolders

    inode = factory.Sequence(lambda n: n)
    name = factory.Faker('name')
    path = factory.Faker('text', max_nb_chars=50)
    is_dir = factory.Faker('boolean')

错误导入及报错信息 #

使用错误的导入语句时，控制台抛出以下异常：

>>> from webshare.tests.factories import WebShareFileFactoryBoy

>>> instance = WebShareFileFactoryBoy()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python37\lib\code.py", line 90, in runcode
    exec(code, self.locals)
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'module' object is not callable

>>> instance = WebShareFileFactoryBoy.create()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python37\lib\code.py", line 90, in runcode
    exec(code, self.locals)
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: module 'webshare.tests.factories.WebShareFileFactoryBoy' has no attribute 'create'

解决方法 #

错误原因是当前导入的是WebShareFileFactoryBoy模块本身，而非模块内的同名Factory类。需使用明确的导入语句指定导入模块中的类：

from webshare.tests.factories.WebShareFileFactoryBoy import WebShareFileFactoryBoy

导入完成后，即可正常调用类实例化或create()方法生成模型实例：

# 直接实例化
instance = WebShareFileFactoryBoy()
# 使用factory_boy的create方法创建并保存到数据库
instance = WebShareFileFactoryBoy.create()

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jordan