CMake无法匹配MinGW Makefiles构建程序及OpenBLAS库查找失败求助

一、命令行CMake执行错误 #

运行以下命令后出现报错：

cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\gcc.exe .

错误输出：

-- The C compiler identification is unknown
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe
CMake Error: CMake was unable to find a build program corresponding to "MinGW Makefiles".  CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM is not set.  You probably need to select a different build tool.
CMake Error: CMAKE_C_COMPILER not set, after EnableLanguage
CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.29/Modules/CMakeTestCCompiler.cmake:56 (try_compile):
  Failed to configure test project build system.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:6 (project)

-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

二、当前CMakeLists.txt内容 #

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.27)
set(OPENBLAS_LIB_DIR "C:/msys64/mingw64/lib")
set(CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/make.exe")

project(PROJECT_1 C)

set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 23)


add_executable(PROJECT_1 src/main.c)

# I'm not sure about the following but thats another problem I want to solve

set(OPENBLAS_LIB_DIR "C:/msys64/mingw64/lib")
find_library(OPENBLAS_LIBRARY NAMES openblas PATHS ${OPENBLAS_LIB_DIR})

message("OpenBLAS library not found ${LIBRARY}")

if(NOT OPENBLAS_LIBRARY)
    message(FATAL_ERROR "OpenBLAS library not found ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_LIBRARY_PATH}")
endif()

find_package(OpenBLAS REQUIRED)
#find_library(OpenBLAS REQUIRED)
#include_directories(${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH})
target_link_libraries(PROJECT_1 OpenBLAS::OpenBLAS)

三、环境说明 #

• 系统：Windows 10
• 工具链：MSYS2 MinGW64，已通过mingw64.exe安装相关包
• 环境变量：已添加C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\到PATH
• 已卸载TDM编译器，避免工具链冲突
• 曾尝试手动设置SET( CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM c:/MinGW-32/bin/make.exe FORCE )，问题未解决

四、CMake GUI的问题 #

CMake GUI可识别编译器，但无法找到MSYS2安装的OpenBLAS库，报错输出：

The C compiler identification is GNU 13.2.0
Detecting C compiler ABI info
Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
Check for working C compiler: C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/cc.exe - skipped
Detecting C compile features
Detecting C compile features - done
OpenBLAS library not found 
Configuring done (1.7s)

解决方案 #

1. 解决CMake找不到MinGW Makefiles构建工具的问题 #

• 优先使用MSYS2 MinGW64终端运行CMake：打开mingw64.exe终端，进入项目目录后再执行CMake命令。MSYS2会自动配置工具链环境变量，避免路径识别问题。
• 手动指定CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM路径：如果必须在Windows原生终端执行，需确保路径指向MinGW64的make.exe，命令修改为：

  cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\gcc.exe -DCMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM=C:\msys64\mingw64\bin\make.exe .
  

  或者在CMakeLists.txt中，将CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM的设置放在project()命令之前，并添加CACHE声明：

  cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.27)
  set(CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM "C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/make.exe" CACHE PATH "Path to make.exe")
  set(OPENBLAS_LIB_DIR "C:/msys64/mingw64/lib")
  
  project(PROJECT_1 C)
  

2. 解决OpenBLAS查找失败的问题 #

• 修正变量引用错误：CMakeLists.txt中message("OpenBLAS library not found ${LIBRARY}")的${LIBRARY}是未定义变量，应改为${OPENBLAS_LIBRARY}。
• 简化OpenBLAS查找逻辑：MSYS2安装的OpenBLAS自带CMake配置文件，可直接通过find_package查找，无需手动调用find_library。修改后的相关代码：

  # 查找OpenBLAS，指定根目录确保找到MSYS2安装的版本
  set(OpenBLAS_ROOT "C:/msys64/mingw64")
  find_package(OpenBLAS REQUIRED)
  
  # 链接库到目标
  target_link_libraries(PROJECT_1 PRIVATE OpenBLAS::OpenBLAS)
  

• 确认OpenBLAS已安装：在MSYS2 MinGW64终端执行pacman -Q mingw-w64-x86_64-openblas检查包状态，未安装则执行pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-openblas完成安装。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sisoviromol