如何通过Python调用Walk Score API获取美国地址的步行评分？

问题描述 #

尝试通过Walk Score API获取美国地址的步行评分，使用以下Python脚本时持续收到「Failed to fetch Walk Score...」错误，无有效结果返回：

import requests

# Define your Walk Score API key
API_KEY = 'XXXXXXXX'

# Define the address for which you want to get the Walk Score
address = "450 Wilson Avenue, Morgantown, WV, 26505"

# Define the base URL for the Walk Score API
base_url = 'http://api.walkscore.com/score'

# Prepare parameters for the API request
params = {
'format': 'json',
'address': address,
'lat': '',
'lon': '',
'transit': '1',
'bike': '1',
'wsapikey': API_KEY
}

# Make the API request
response = requests.get(base_url, params=params)

# Check if the request was successful
if response.status_code == 200:
# Extract the Walk Score from the response
data = response.json()
walk_score = data['walkscore']
print(f"Walk Score for {address}: {walk_score}")
else:
print(f"Failed to fetch Walk Score for address: {address}")

可能的原因及修复方案 #

1. 切换为HTTPS协议 #

Walk Score API要求使用HTTPS发起请求，原脚本中的http协议会导致请求被拒绝。修改base_url：

base_url = 'https://api.walkscore.com/score'

2. 移除无效的经纬度参数 #

脚本中lat和lon设为空字符串，会干扰API的地址解析逻辑。如果没有经纬度数据，直接移除这两个参数：

params = {
    'format': 'json',
    'address': address,
    'transit': '1',
    'bike': '1',
    'wsapikey': API_KEY
}

若能获取到目标地址的经纬度，填入有效值可进一步提升请求成功率。

3. 验证API密钥有效性 #

确保API_KEY替换为从Walk Score官方获取的真实有效密钥，密钥需完成激活且未超出调用限额。

4. 增强错误排查能力 #

在错误分支中打印API返回的具体错误信息，便于精准定位问题：

else:
    print(f"Failed to fetch Walk Score for address: {address}")
    print(f"Status code: {response.status_code}")
    print(f"API response: {response.text}")

修复后的完整脚本 #

import requests

# Replace with your valid Walk Score API key
API_KEY = 'your_real_api_key_here'

address = "450 Wilson Avenue, Morgantown, WV, 26505"
base_url = 'https://api.walkscore.com/score'

params = {
    'format': 'json',
    'address': address,
    'transit': '1',
    'bike': '1',
    'wsapikey': API_KEY
}

response = requests.get(base_url, params=params)

if response.status_code == 200:
    data = response.json()
    # 处理可能的字段缺失情况
    walk_score = data.get('walkscore', 'N/A')
    transit_score = data.get('transit', {}).get('score', 'N/A')
    bike_score = data.get('bike', {}).get('score', 'N/A')
    print(f"Walk Score for {address}: {walk_score}")
    print(f"Transit Score: {transit_score}")
    print(f"Bike Score: {bike_score}")
else:
    print(f"Failed to fetch Walk Score for address: {address}")
    print(f"Status code: {response.status_code}")
    print(f"API response: {response.text}")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Serkan Varol