如何生成比特币压缩公钥？代码导入PrivateKey时遇ImportError

用户代码：

from bitcoinlib.keys import PrivateKey
from bitcoinlib.encoding import pubkeyhash_to_addr

# Example WIF private key
wif_private_key = "5HpHagT65TZzG1PH3CSu63k8DbpvD8s5ip4nEB3kEsreAnchuDf"

# Decode the WIF private key to obtain the raw private key
raw_private_key = PrivateKey(wif=wif_private_key).to_hex()

# Derive the compressed public key from the raw private key
compressed_public_key = PrivateKey(raw=raw_private_key).public_key().to_hex(compressed=True)

# Generate the Bitcoin address from the compressed public key
compressed_address = pubkeyhash_to_addr(compressed_public_key)

print("Compressed Bitcoin Address:", compressed_address)

运行报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Hp\Desktop\puzzle\a.py", line 1, in <module>
    from bitcoinlib.keys import PrivateKey
ImportError: cannot import name 'PrivateKey' from 'bitcoinlib.keys' (C:\Users\Hp\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python312\Lib\site-packages\bitcoinlib\keys.py)

解决方案 #

1. 适配新版本bitcoinlib API #

bitcoinlib 0.11及以上版本重构了密钥类，PrivateKey已被整合到Key类中，修改代码如下：

from bitcoinlib.keys import Key
from bitcoinlib.encoding import pubkeyhash_to_addr

wif_private_key = "5HpHagT65TZzG1PH3CSu63k8DbpvD8s5ip4nEB3kEsreAnchuDf"

# 直接用Key类加载WIF私钥，无需额外转换原始私钥
key = Key(wif_private_key)

# 获取压缩公钥十六进制字符串
compressed_public_key = key.public_key().to_hex(compressed=True)

# 生成对应压缩地址
compressed_address = pubkeyhash_to_addr(key.public_hash(compressed=True))

print("Compressed Bitcoin Address:", compressed_address)

2. 降级到旧版本（兼容原代码） #

如果不想修改代码，可以安装0.10.1版本的bitcoinlib，这是仍保留PrivateKey类的最后一个版本：

pip uninstall bitcoinlib -y
pip install bitcoinlib==0.10.1

安装完成后，原代码即可直接运行。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Asif Iqbal