Telegram Bot遇Pool timeout问题求助：调超时参数仍无效

问题根源 #

你用get_updates获取机器人已加入群组的方式是错误的：

• get_updates是用于拉取未处理的消息/事件更新，而非获取所有已加入群组的API
• 机器人运行run_polling时会持续调用get_updates拉取更新，定时任务里重复调用会抢占连接池资源，导致所有连接被占满触发Pool timeout
• 即便不超时，get_updates仅返回最近的更新，无法保证覆盖所有机器人加入的群组，会出现遗漏

正确解决方案 #

改用记录并维护群组ID列表的方式，具体实现：

1. 监听机器人被加入群组的事件，自动将群组ID写入本地文件
2. 定时任务从本地文件读取所有群组ID，逐个发送消息

修改后的完整代码 #

from telegram import Update, ChatMemberUpdated
from telegram.ext import Application, CommandHandler, ContextTypes, ChatMemberHandler
import random
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from datetime import time
from telegram.request import HTTPXRequest

# 加载环境变量
load_dotenv()

TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN = os.getenv('TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN')
GROUP_IDS_FILE = 'group_ids.txt'

# 初始化请求配置
trequest = HTTPXRequest(
    connection_pool_size=10,
    read_timeout=30,
    write_timeout=30,
    connect_timeout=30,
    pool_timeout=30,
    media_write_timeout=30
)

application = Application.builder().token(TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN).request(request=trequest).build()

# 读取本地存储的群组ID
def load_group_ids():
    if not os.path.exists(GROUP_IDS_FILE):
        return set()
    with open(GROUP_IDS_FILE, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        return set(map(int, f.read().splitlines()))

# 保存群组ID到本地文件
def save_group_id(group_id):
    group_ids = load_group_ids()
    if group_id not in group_ids:
        group_ids.add(group_id)
        with open(GROUP_IDS_FILE, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write('\n'.join(map(str, group_ids)))

# 监听机器人被加入群组的事件
async def track_groups(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    chat_member: ChatMemberUpdated = update.chat_member
    if chat_member.new_chat_member.user.id == context.bot.id and chat_member.new_chat_member.status in ['member', 'administrator']:
        save_group_id(update.effective_chat.id)
        print(f"已记录群组: {update.effective_chat.title} ({update.effective_chat.id})")

# 发送随机消息函数
async def send_random_message(chat_id: int, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    print(f"正在给群组 {chat_id} 发送消息...")
    with open('content.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        content = file.read()
    elements = content.split('~')
    random_element = random.choice(elements)
    try:
        await context.bot.send_message(chat_id=chat_id, text=random_element)
        print(f"群组 {chat_id} 消息发送成功")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发送消息到群组 {chat_id} 失败: {str(e)}")

# /start命令处理器
async def start_command(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    print("/start command received.")
    welcome_message = "Hello! I'm your bot. Here are the commands you can use:\n\n"
    commands = [
        "/start - Start the bot and see the available commands",
        "/new - Get a random message"
    ]
    welcome_message += "\n".join(commands)
    await context.bot.send_message(chat_id=update.effective_chat.id, text=welcome_message)
    print("Welcome message sent.")

# /new命令处理器
async def new_command(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    print("/new command received.")
    await send_random_message(update.effective_chat.id, context)

# 定时任务：给所有群组发消息
async def scheduled_job(context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    print("定时任务启动...")
    group_ids = load_group_ids()
    if not group_ids:
        print("没有记录任何群组")
        return
    for group_id in group_ids:
        await send_random_message(group_id, context)
    print("定时任务完成.")

# 注册处理器
application.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', start_command))
application.add_handler(CommandHandler('new', new_command))
application.add_handler(ChatMemberHandler(track_groups, ChatMemberHandler.CHAT_MEMBER))

# 设置定时任务
job_queue = application.job_queue
job_queue.run_daily(scheduled_job, time=time(hour=22, minute=58), days=(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6))

# 启动机器人
print("Bot is running...")
application.run_polling()

关键修改说明 #

• 新增ChatMemberHandler监听机器人入群事件，自动记录群组ID到本地文件，避免依赖get_updates
• 定时任务直接读取本地存储的群组ID，不再抢占run_polling的连接池资源
• 添加异常捕获，单个群组发送失败不会中断整个定时任务
• 调整连接池参数至合理值，避免资源浪费

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Pavel Varenik