VuePress开发环境正常但build编译失败，寻求技术帮助

我正在搭建个人博客，开发环境下运行一切正常，但执行vuepress build docs命令进行编译时，出现了大量错误。仓库地址：https://github.com/makabaka1880/makabaka1880/

具体编译错误信息：

> vuepress build docs                                                                                                                              [2:53] 130 ~/blog
wait 提取站点元数据...
tip 应用主题@vuepress/theme-default ...
tip 应用插件container（即"vuepress-plugin-container"） ...
tip 应用插件@vuepress/register-components（即"@vuepress/plugin-register-components"） ...
tip 应用插件@vuepress/active-header-links（即"@vuepress/plugin-active-header-links"） ...
tip 应用插件@vuepress/search（即"@vuepress/plugin-search"） ...
tip 应用插件@vuepress/nprogress（即"@vuepress/plugin-nprogress"） ...
(node:18460) [DEP0040] 弃用警告：`punycode`模块已被弃用，请使用第三方替代方案。
(使用`node --trace-deprecation ...`查看警告来源)

✖ 客户端
  编译出现错误，耗时2.16s

✔ 服务端
  编译成功，耗时1.91s

(undefined) assets/js/styles.8f3dca9f.js from Terser
Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
    at new Hash (node:internal/crypto/hash:80:19)
    at Object.createHash (node:crypto:139:10)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/terser-webpack-plugin/dist/index.js:217:37
    at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
    at TerserPlugin.optimizeFn (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/terser-webpack-plugin/dist/index.js:160:259)
    at _next0 (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:13:1)
    at eval (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:30:1)
(undefined) assets/js/1.488cc455.js from Terser
Error: error:0308010C:digital envelope routines::unsupported
    at new Hash (node:internal/crypto/hash:80:19)
    at Object.createHash (node:crypto:139:10)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/terser-webpack-plugin/dist/index.js:217:37
    at Array.forEach (<anonymous>)
    at TerserPlugin.optimizeFn (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/terser-webpack-plugin/dist/index.js:160:259)
    at _next0 (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:13:1)
    at eval (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:30:1)
...
Error: Failed to compile with errors.
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/@vuepress/core/lib/node/build/index.js:190:16
    at finalCallback (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/MultiCompiler.js:254:12)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/MultiCompiler.js:277:6
    at done (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/neo-async/async.js:2931:13)
    at runCompilers (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/MultiCompiler.js:181:48)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/MultiCompiler.js:188:7
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/MultiCompiler.js:270:7
    at finalCallback (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/Compiler.js:257:39)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/Compiler.js:273:13
    at AsyncSeriesHook.eval [as callAsync] (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:33:1)
    at AsyncSeriesHook.lazyCompileHook (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/Hook.js:154:20)
    at onCompiled (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/Compiler.js:271:21)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/Compiler.js:681:15
    at AsyncSeriesHook.eval [as callAsync] (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:6:1)
    at AsyncSeriesHook.lazyCompileHook (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/Hook.js:154:20)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/Compiler.js:678:31
    at AsyncSeriesHook.eval [as callAsync] (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:9:1)
    at AsyncSeriesHook.lazyCompileHook (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/Hook.js:154:20)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/Compilation.js:1423:35
    at AsyncSeriesHook.eval [as callAsync] (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:9:1)
    at AsyncSeriesHook.lazyCompileHook (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/Hook.js:154:20)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/webpack/lib/Compilation.js:1414:32
    at eval (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:17:1)
    at /Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/terser-webpack-plugin/dist/index.js:321:9
    at TaskRunner.run (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/terser-webpack-plugin/dist/TaskRunner.js:48:7)
    at TerserPlugin.optimizeFn (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/terser-webpack-plugin/dist/index.js:227:18)
    at _next0 (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:13:1)
    at eval (eval at create (/Users/makabaka1880/.config/yarn/global/node_modules/tapable/lib/HookCodeFactory.js:33:10), <anonymous>:30:1)

这个错误是Node.js 17+版本默认启用新OpenSSL哈希算法，与旧版VuePress依赖的Webpack/Terser插件不兼容导致的，以下是三种解决方法：

方法一：临时设置环境变量执行编译 #

根据操作系统选择对应命令：

• macOS/Linux：

  NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider vuepress build docs
  

• Windows（PowerShell）：

  $env:NODE_OPTIONS="--openssl-legacy-provider"; vuepress build docs
  

• Windows（CMD）：

  set NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider && vuepress build docs
  

方法二：降级Node.js到16.x及以下 #

用Node版本管理工具（如nvm）切换版本：

nvm install 16
nvm use 16

切换完成后重新执行vuepress build docs。

方法三：升级VuePress到最新兼容版本 #

备份项目后执行升级命令：

# yarn用户
yarn upgrade vuepress --latest
# npm用户
npm update vuepress --save-dev

升级完成后重新编译。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mmakabaka1880