Shopware 6插件单元测试中Composer依赖引发的命名空间冲突问题

Problem Description #

I'm writing PHPUnit tests for a Shopware 6 plugin, and I've set up the PHPUnit environment exactly like SwagPayPal with these configurations:

• composer.json dependencies & autoload rules:

{
    "require": { 
        "ext-json": "*", 
        "php": ">= 8.0", 
        "goetas-webservices/xsd2php-runtime": "^0.2.16", 
        "enqueue/stomp": "^0.10.16", 
        "shopware/core": "6.4.12.0" 
    }, 
    "autoload": { 
        "psr-4": { "Namespace\\Plugin\\": "src/" } 
    }, 
    "autoload-dev": { 
        "psr-4": { "Namespace\\Plugin\\Test\\": "tests/" } 
    }
}

• phpunit.xml.dist uses tests/TestBootstrap.php as the bootstrap file, which is a copy of SwagPayPal's version minus the ->addActivePlugins('SwagCmsExtensions') line.

All tests worked fine until I added this code to one test case:

$customerRepository = $this->getContainer()->get('customer.repository');
$customerRepository->upsert([$customerData], Context::createDefaultContext());

Now I get this compilation error after calling upsert:

Cannot declare class Shopware\Core\Checkout\Promotion\Cart\PromotionProcessor, because the name is already in use

Running sudo rm -rf var/cache/test_* fixes it for one run, but the error comes back on the second test execution. I've checked all namespace declarations in test files and they're correct—this seems to be a class loading conflict issue.

Root Cause Analysis #

I've run into this exact issue before, and it boils down to duplicate class loading in the test environment. Here's what's happening:

1. On the first run, no test cache exists, so the autoloader uses Shopware core classes from your project root directory.
2. After the first run, the test cache stores class paths from your plugin's own vendor directory (which has a duplicate copy of Shopware core).
3. On the second run, the autoloader pulls the cached paths and tries to load the same core class twice, triggering the "class already in use" error.

Solutions #

1. Fix Composer Dependencies to Avoid Duplicate Shopware Core #

Your plugin doesn't need to include shopware/core in its require section—this pulls a duplicate copy into your plugin's vendor folder. Move it to require-dev instead, since it's only needed for testing:

Update your composer.json:

"require": { 
    "ext-json": "*", 
    "php": ">= 8.0", 
    "goetas-webservices/xsd2php-runtime": "^0.2.16", 
    "enqueue/stomp": "^0.10.16"
},
"require-dev": {
    "shopware/core": "6.4.12.0"
},
"prefer-stable": true

Then run:

rm -rf vendor/
composer install

2. Auto-Clean Test Cache in Bootstrap #

Modify your tests/TestBootstrap.php to clear the test cache automatically before each run, so you don't have to do it manually:

// Add this at the top of TestBootstrap.php
use Symfony\Component\Filesystem\Filesystem;

// Force clean test cache
$cacheDir = __DIR__ . '/../var/cache/test';
if (is_dir($cacheDir)) {
    $filesystem = new Filesystem();
    $filesystem->remove($cacheDir);
}

// Rest of your bootstrap code (Kernel initialization, etc.)

3. Run Tests from the Shopware Project Root #

Don't execute PHPUnit directly from your plugin directory. Instead, use the project root's PHPUnit binary to ensure it uses the project's autoloader:

cd /path/to/your/shopware/project
./vendor/bin/phpunit -c plugins/YourPluginName/phpunit.xml.dist

4. Verify PHPUnit Configuration #

Double-check your phpunit.xml.dist to make sure it doesn't override the default autoloader behavior. It should only reference the bootstrap file:

<phpunit bootstrap="tests/TestBootstrap.php">
    <!-- Your other test configurations here -->
</phpunit>

Verification Steps #

1. Clear your plugin's vendor folder and test cache: rm -rf vendor/ var/cache/
2. Run composer install to refresh dependencies
3. Execute tests from the Shopware project root using the command above
4. Run the tests multiple times to confirm the error doesn't reappear

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者RafaelKr