Android 11+设备来电检测崩溃：Permission Denial异常求助

问题详情 #

开发来电检测功能时，在API >=30（Android 11及以上）设备上，用户授予权限后应用直接崩溃，Logcat输出如下异常信息：

FATAL EXCEPTION: main
 Process: com.example.callerdetecter, PID: 11623
 java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial: not allowed to send broadcast android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE from pid=11623, uid=11219
 at android.os.Parcel.createExceptionOrNull(Parcel.java:2374)
 at android.os.Parcel.createException(Parcel.java:2358)
 at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2341)
 at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2283)
 at android.app.IActivityManager$Stub$Proxy.broadcastIntentWithFeature(IActivityManager.java:5623)
 at android.app.ContextImpl.sendBroadcast(ContextImpl.java:1115)
 at android.content.ContextWrapper.sendBroadcast(ContextWrapper.java:468)
 at android.content.ContextWrapper.sendBroadcast(ContextWrapper.java:468)
 at com.example.callerdetecter.MainActivity.prepareBroadcast(MainActivity.java:73)
 at com.example.callerdetecter.MainActivity.lambda$onCreate$0$com-example-callerdetecter-MainActivity(MainActivity.java:33)
 at com.example.callerdetecter.MainActivity$$ExternalSyntheticLambda0.onClick(Unknown Source:2)
 at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:7503)
 at com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton.performClick(MaterialButton.java:1218)
 at android.view.View.performClickInternal(View.java:7480)
 at android.view.View.access$3600(View.java:813)
 at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:28445)
 at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:938)
 at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
 at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:223)
 at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7950)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
 at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:603)
 at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:947)
 Caused by: android.os.RemoteException: Remote stack trace:
 at com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerService.broadcastIntentLocked(ActivityManagerService.java:16429)
 at com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerService.broadcastIntentLocked(ActivityManagerService.java:162
 at com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerService.broadcastIntentWithFeature(ActivityManagerService.java:17116)
 at android.app.IActivityManager$Stub.onTransact(IActivityManager.java:2306)
 at com.android.server.am.ActivityManagerService.onTransact(ActivityManagerService.java:2926)

问题原因 #

Android 11（API 30）及以上版本对系统广播做了严格限制：android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE是受保护的系统广播，仅系统应用有权发送。你的代码在MainActivity.prepareBroadcast方法（第73行）中调用sendBroadcast发送该广播，直接触发了SecurityException。

修复方案 #

1. 删除非法广播发送逻辑 #

找到MainActivity.java第73行的sendBroadcast调用，删除发送android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE广播的代码。

2. 正确实现来电检测（接收系统广播） #

来电检测的核心是接收系统发出的通话状态广播，而非自行发送：

• 动态注册广播接收器（推荐方式，适配Android 12+的隐式广播限制）：

  private BroadcastReceiver callStateReceiver;
  
  @Override
  protected void onResume() {
      super.onResume();
      callStateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
          @Override
          public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
              String action = intent.getAction();
              if (TelephonyManager.ACTION_PHONE_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
                  // 处理来电状态变化逻辑
                  String state = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
                  if (TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING.equals(state)) {
                      String incomingNumber = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
                      // 处理来电号码
                  }
              }
          }
      };
      IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(TelephonyManager.ACTION_PHONE_STATE_CHANGED);
      registerReceiver(callStateReceiver, filter);
  }
  
  @Override
  protected void onPause() {
      super.onPause();
      if (callStateReceiver != null) {
          unregisterReceiver(callStateReceiver);
      }
  }
  

• 若使用静态注册（仅适配Android 11及以下，Android 12+需动态注册）：

  <receiver android:name=".CallStateReceiver">
      <intent-filter>
          <action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
      </intent-filter>
  </receiver>
  

3. 确保权限配置完整 #

在AndroidManifest.xml中添加权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<!-- 若需读取来电号码，Android 10+还需添加以下权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG" />

并在运行时请求权限：

private static final int REQUEST_PHONE_PERMISSIONS = 100;

private void requestPhonePermissions() {
    String[] permissions = {
            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
    };
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permissions[0]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permissions[1]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, REQUEST_PHONE_PERMISSIONS);
    }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者SUSMITA BHATTACHARYA