Selenium Grid执行测试遇请求转发超时问题求助

环境信息 #

• ChromeDriver版本：123.0.6312.58
• Chrome浏览器版本：123.0.6312.59
• selenium-webdriver版本：3.6.0
• Selenium Server版本：3.6.0

启动命令 #

Hub启动命令 #

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.6.0.jar -role hub

Node启动命令 #

java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/local/bin/chromedriver -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.6.0.jar -role node -hub http://localhost:4444

测试代码 #

const {By, Builder, Browser, until} = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("assert");

const chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');

const chromeDriverPath = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver';
const options = new chrome.Options();
options.addArguments("--remote-allow-origins=*");
options.setChromeBinaryPath(chromeDriverPath);

(async function firstTest() {
  let driver;
  
  try {
    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser(Browser.CHROME).setChromeOptions(options).usingServer('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub').build();

    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html');
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal("Web form", title);
  
    await driver.manage().setTimeouts({implicit: 500});
  
    let textBox = await driver.findElement(By.name('my-text'));
    let submitButton = await driver.findElement(By.css('button'));
  
    await textBox.sendKeys('Selenium');
    await submitButton.click();
  
    let message = await driver.findElement(By.id('message'));
    let value = await message.getText();
    assert.equal("Received!", value);
  } catch (e) {
    console.log(e)
  } finally {
    await driver.quit();
  }
}())

问题现象 #

• Hub日志显示节点注册后很快被标记为离线，但Node日志显示注册成功
• 运行测试脚本后报错：

node test.js
WebDriverError: Error forwarding the new session Error forwarding the request Connect to 10.32.40.97:5555 [/10.32.40.97] failed: Operation timed out
    at Object.checkLegacyResponse (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/error.js:546:15)
    at parseHttpResponse (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/http.js:509:13)
    at /Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/http.js:441:30
    at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:95:5)
From: Task: WebDriver.createSession()
    at thenableWebDriverProxy.createSession (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/lib/webdriver.js:769:24)
    at thenableWebDriverProxy.createSession (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/chrome.js:761:15)
    at createDriver (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/index.js:170:33)
    at Builder.build (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/node_modules/selenium-webdriver/index.js:626:16)
    at firstTest (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/test.js:21:131)
    at Object.<anonymous> (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/test.js:54:2)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1267:14)
    at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1321:10)
    at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1125:32)
    at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:965:12) {
  remoteStacktrace: ''
}
/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/test.js:52
    await driver.quit();
                 ^

TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'quit')
    at firstTest (/Users/zakjonat/seleniumStackOverflow/test.js:52:18)
    at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:95:5)

Node.js v20.0.0

解决方案 #

1. 修复版本兼容性问题 #

Selenium 3.6.0是2017年的旧版本，完全不支持Chrome 123这类高版本浏览器，必须升级组件：

• 将selenium-webdriver升级到4.19.0及以上版本（适配Chrome 123的最低兼容版本）
• 替换Selenium Server为Selenium Grid 4.x，推荐使用独立模式（无需分开启动Hub和Node）：

  java -jar selenium-server-4.19.0.jar standalone
  

2. 解决节点网络可达性问题 #

Hub标记节点离线，核心原因是Hub无法访问Node的服务端口（默认5555）：

• 启动Node时显式指定--host为本地回环地址或0.0.0.0，同时固定端口避免冲突：

  java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/usr/local/bin/chromedriver -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.6.0.jar -role node -hub http://localhost:4444 --host 127.0.0.1 --port 5555
  

• 若为跨机器部署，需确保Hub所在机器能ping通Node的IP，且端口未被防火墙拦截。

3. 修正测试代码错误 #

• 代码中options.setChromeBinaryPath(chromeDriverPath)是错误用法：该方法用于设置Chrome浏览器可执行文件路径，而非ChromeDriver路径，正确写法是通过ServiceBuilder指定ChromeDriver路径：

  const service = new chrome.ServiceBuilder(chromeDriverPath).build();
  options.setChromeService(service);
  

• finally块中需先判断driver是否初始化成功，再执行quit：

  finally {
    if (driver) {
      await driver.quit();
    }
  }
  

4. 适配Node.js版本 #

Node.js 20.0.0与旧版selenium-webdriver 3.6.0存在兼容性问题，建议：

• 降级Node.js到16.x LTS版本，或直接升级selenium-webdriver到4.x版本（推荐后者）

最终调整后的测试代码（适配Selenium 4.x） #

const {By, Builder, Browser} = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("assert");
const chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');

const chromeDriverPath = '/usr/local/bin/chromedriver';

(async function firstTest() {
  let driver;
  
  try {
    const service = new chrome.ServiceBuilder(chromeDriverPath).build();
    const options = new chrome.Options();
    options.addArguments("--remote-allow-origins=*");
    
    driver = await new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
      .setChromeOptions(options)
      .setChromeService(service)
      .usingServer('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub')
      .build();

    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html');
    const title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal("Web form", title);
  
    await driver.manage().setTimeouts({implicit: 500});
  
    const textBox = await driver.findElement(By.name('my-text'));
    const submitButton = await driver.findElement(By.css('button'));
  
    await textBox.sendKeys('Selenium');
    await submitButton.click();
  
    const message = await driver.findElement(By.id('message'));
    const value = await message.getText();
    assert.equal("Received!", value);
  } catch (e) {
    console.error(e);
  } finally {
    if (driver) {
      await driver.quit();
    }
  }
}())

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jonathan