如何通过HTML表单创建Person实例并保存至AuraDB？

多数在线教程都是讲解如何用Django将模型实例保存到本地数据库，我尝试实现将数据存入Neo4j（AuraDB连接正常），但运行项目后访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/person出现异常。我希望通过用户表单输入创建Person实例并保存到AuraDB，当前实现存在问题，相关代码如下：

Person模型（models/person.py） #

from neomodel import StructuredNode, StringProperty, IntegerProperty,UniqueIdProperty, RelationshipTo
from myapi.models.city import City


class Person(StructuredNode):
    uid = UniqueIdProperty()
    name = StringProperty(unique_index=False)
    age = IntegerProperty(index=True, default=0)
    email = StringProperty(unique_index=True)

    # Relations :
    city = RelationshipTo(City, 'LIVES_IN')
    friends = RelationshipTo('Person','FRIEND')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.uid

表单定义（views/forms.py） #

from django import forms
from splitjson.widgets import SplitJSONWidget
from myapi.models import Person


class testForm(forms.Form):
    attrs = {'class': 'special', 'size': '40'}
    data = forms.CharField(widget=SplitJSONWidget(attrs=attrs, debug=True))
    class Meta:
        model = Person

URL配置（urls.py） #

from django.urls import re_path as url
from myapi.views import *
from django.urls import path
urlpatterns = [
    path('', home, name='home'),
    path('home', home, name='home'),
    path('sign-up', sign_up, name='sign_up'),
    path('test-dict', test_dict, name='test_dict'),
    path('person',personDetails),
    path('getAllPersons',getAllPersons),
    path('city',cityDetails),
    path('getAllCities',getAllCities),
    path('connectPaC',connectPaC),
    path('connectPaP',connectPaP)
]

视图函数（home.py中的test_dict） #

from django.template import RequestContext
from .forms import testForm
from django.template.loader import render_to_string

def test_dict(request):
    json = {'name': 1,
            'age': 4}
    form = testForm(request.POST or None, initial={'data': json})
    if form.is_valid():
        # validate and save
        pass

    template = 'myapi/test_template.html'
    #context = RequestContext(request, render_to_string(form))
    return render(request, template, {'form': form})

Person相关视图（views/persons.py） #

from django.http import JsonResponse
from myapi.models import Person
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
import json
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect


def getAllPersons(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        try:
            persons = Person.nodes.all()
            response = []
            for person in persons :
                obj = {
                    "uid": person.uid,
                    "name": person.name,
                    "age": person.age,
                }
                response.append(obj)
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)
        except:
            response = {"error": "Error occurred"}
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)
@csrf_exempt
def personDetails(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        # get one person by name
        name = request.GET.get('name', ' ')
        try:
            person = Person.nodes.get(name=name)
            response = {
                "uid": person.uid,
                "name": person.name,
                "age": person.age,
            }
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)
        except :
            response = {"error":"Error occurred"}
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)
            #return render(response, 'myapi/test_template.html')

    if request.method == 'POST':
        # create one person
        json_data = json.loads(request.body)
        name = json_data['first_name']
        email = str(json_data['email'])
        try:
            person = Person(name=name, email=email)
            person.save()
            response = {
                "uid": person.uid,
            }
            return JsonResponse(response)
        except :
            response = {"error":"Error occurred"}
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)

    if request.method == 'PUT':
        # update one person
        json_data = json.loads(request.body)
        name = json_data['name']
        age = int(json_data['age'])
        uid = json_data['uid']
        try:
            person = Person.nodes.get(uid=uid)
            person.name = name
            person.age = age
            person.save()
            response = {
                "uid": person.uid,
                "name": person.name,
                "age": person.age,
            }
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)
        except:
            response = {"error":"Error occurred"}
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)

    if request.method == 'DELETE':
        # delete one person
        json_data = json.loads(request.body)
        uid = json_data['uid']
        try:
            person = Person.nodes.get(uid=uid)
            person.delete()
            response = {"success": "Person deleted"}
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)
        except:
            response = {"error":"Error occurred"}
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)

1. 修正表单定义 #

当前用的forms.Form是普通表单，无法直接关联Person模型，改用forms.ModelForm直接映射模型字段，无需复杂的JSON组件：

from django import forms
from myapi.models import Person

class PersonForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Person
        fields = ['name', 'age', 'email']  # 直接指定需要用户输入的字段

2. 调整test_dict视图，处理表单提交逻辑 #

原视图未实现保存逻辑，修改后直接从表单提取数据创建Person实例并保存：

from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import PersonForm
from myapi.models import Person

def test_dict(request):
    form = PersonForm(request.POST or None)
    if request.method == 'POST' and form.is_valid():
        # 从表单获取清洗后的数据
        person_data = form.cleaned_data
        # 创建Person实例并保存到AuraDB
        person = Person(**person_data)
        person.save()
    
    template = 'myapi/test_template.html'
    return render(request, template, {'form': form})

3. 修复personDetails视图的POST逻辑 #

原POST方法处理的是JSON请求，表单提交是application/x-www-form-urlencoded格式，需改用request.POST.get()获取数据，同时修正字段名（模型中是name而非first_name）：

@csrf_exempt
def personDetails(request):
    # ... 保留其他请求方法逻辑 ...
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # 处理表单提交或普通POST请求
        name = request.POST.get('name')
        email = request.POST.get('email')
        age = request.POST.get('age', 0)  # 设置默认值避免空值报错
        try:
            person = Person(name=name, email=email, age=int(age))
            person.save()
            response = {"uid": person.uid}
            return JsonResponse(response)
        except Exception as e:
            # 打印错误用于调试，上线后可移除
            print(str(e))
            response = {"error": str(e)}
            return JsonResponse(response, safe=False)
    # ... 保留其他请求方法逻辑 ...

4. 调整模板渲染（test_template.html） #

确保模板正确渲染表单，添加CSRF令牌：

<form method="POST" action="{% url 'test_dict' %}">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{ form.as_p }}
    <button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>

5. 调试建议 #

• 提交表单后查看控制台输出，可快速定位具体错误
• 确认settings.py中Neo4j的连接配置正确
• 原/person的GET请求需要传name参数（如/person?name=xxx），可修改逻辑支持不传参数时返回所有数据（与getAllPersons合并）

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ranjan