Android基线配置文件设置遇INSTALL_FAILED_VERSION_DOWNGRADE错误求助

在Android Studio配置Baseline Profile模块时，遇到以下INSTALL_FAILED_VERSION_DOWNGRADE错误：

Exception thrown during onBeforeAll invocation of plugin AndroidTestApkInstallerPlugin: ErrorName: INSTALL_FAILED_VERSION_DOWNGRADE
NameSpace: DdmlibAndroidDeviceController
ErrorCode: 1
ErrorType: TEST
Message: Failed to install split APK(s): [/Users/james.cullimore/Desktop/someApp/baseline-profile/build/outputs/apk/nonMinifiedRelease/baseline-profile-nonMinifiedRelease.apk]
Failed to install split APK(s): [/Users/james.cullimore/Desktop/someApp/baseline-profile/build/outputs/apk/nonMinifiedRelease/baseline-profile-nonMinifiedRelease.apk]
Failed to commit install session 167650299 with command package install-commit 167650299. Error: INSTALL_FAILED_VERSION_DOWNGRADE: Downgrade detected: Update version code 0 is older than current 273
com.android.ddmlib.InstallException: Failed to commit install session 167650299 with command package install-commit 167650299. Error: INSTALL_FAILED_VERSION_DOWNGRADE: Downgrade detected: Update version code 0 is older than current 10
    at com.android.ddmlib.SplitApkInstallerBase.installCommit(SplitApkInstallerBase.java:154)
    at com.android.ddmlib.SplitApkInstaller.install(SplitApkInstaller.java:85)
    at com.android.ddmlib.IDeviceSharedImpl.installPackages(IDeviceSharedImpl.java:395)
    at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.lambda$installPackages$36(DeviceImpl.java:1492)
    at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.logRun3(DeviceImpl.java:1834)
    at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.installPackages(DeviceImpl.java:1489)
    at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.lambda$installPackages$37(DeviceImpl.java:1504)
    at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.logRun3(DeviceImpl.java:1834)
    at com.android.ddmlib.internal.DeviceImpl.installPackages(DeviceImpl.java:1500)
    at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.deviceprovider.ddmlib.DdmlibAndroidDevice.installPackages(DdmlibAndroidDevice.kt:74)
    at com.android.tools.utp.plugins.deviceprovider.ddmlib.DdmlibAndroidDeviceController$executeAsync$deferred$1.invokeSuspend(DdmlibAndroidDeviceController.kt:254)
    at kotlin.coroutines.jvm.internal.BaseContinuationImpl.resumeWith(ContinuationImpl.kt:33)
    at kotlinx.coroutines.DispatchedTask.run(DispatchedTask.kt:106)
    at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler.runSafely(CoroutineScheduler.kt:570)
    at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.executeTask(CoroutineScheduler.kt:749)
    at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.runWorker(CoroutineScheduler.kt:677)
    at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.run(CoroutineScheduler.kt:664)

已尝试手动设置versionCode、卸载应用，但问题仍存在。以下是可行的解决方案：

1. 同步Baseline Profile模块与主应用的versionCode #

Baseline Profile模块的测试APK需要与主应用保持相同的versionCode，否则会触发版本降级检测：

• 在模块的build.gradle.kts（或build.gradle）中，明确设置与主应用一致的版本信息：

  android {
      defaultConfig {
          versionCode = 273 // 替换为主应用的versionCode
          versionName = "1.0.0" // 替换为主应用的versionName
      }
  }
  

• 更高效的方式是在主应用中统一管理版本，模块引用主应用的配置：

  // 主应用 build.gradle.kts
  ext {
      set("appVersionCode", 273)
      set("appVersionName", "1.0.0")
  }
  
  // Baseline Profile模块 build.gradle.kts
  android {
      defaultConfig {
          versionCode = rootProject.ext.get("appVersionCode") as Int
          versionName = rootProject.ext.get("appVersionName") as String
      }
  }
  

2. 彻底清理设备上的相关组件 #

单独卸载主应用可能残留测试APK或组件，需彻底清理：

• 用ADB命令查看所有相关包：

  adb shell pm list packages | grep "你的应用包名"
  

• 卸载所有相关包（包括测试包，通常包名带.test或.baselineprofile后缀）：

  adb uninstall com.your.app.package
  adb uninstall com.your.app.package.test
  adb uninstall com.your.app.package.baselineprofile
  

• 清除设备上的安装会话缓存：

  adb shell pm clear-install-sessions
  

3. 清理项目构建缓存并重新构建 #

项目构建缓存可能导致版本信息异常，执行以下操作：

• 在Android Studio中依次点击Build > Clean Project，再点击Build > Rebuild Project
• 或使用Gradle命令清理构建：

  ./gradlew clean
  ./gradlew assembleBaselineProfileNonMinifiedRelease
  

4. 检查模块构建类型的版本配置 #

确认Baseline Profile模块的构建类型（如nonMinifiedRelease）中没有错误覆盖versionCode：

• 检查模块build.gradle.kts中的buildTypes配置，避免出现类似以下错误：

  buildTypes {
      nonMinifiedRelease {
          versionCode = 0 // 错误：不要手动设置为0
      }
  }
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者LethalMaus