Java17+SpringBoot3迁移：EhCache与Hazelcast缓存提供者冲突解决

错误信息 #

org.hibernate.service.spi.ServiceException: Unable to create requested service [org.hibernate.cache.spi.CacheImplementor] due to: Cache provider not started
javax.cache.CacheException: Multiple CachingProviders have been configured when only a single CachingProvider is expected

问题背景 #

将应用从Java 8 + Spring Boot 2.7.18迁移至Java 17 + Spring Boot 3.2.3时，迁移EhCache出现上述错误。经排查，Spring Boot 3默认将Hazelcast作为缓存提供者，与启用的EhCache产生多缓存提供者冲突，但Java 8 + Spring Boot 2环境无此问题。项目包含Hazelcast依赖，但仅需通过application.yaml按需启用，不应默认启动。目前仅完成javax到jakarta的替换、依赖版本更新及EhCache的YAML配置修改，不想修改Spring主类代码，寻求无代码解决方案。

当前依赖配置 #

POM依赖片段 #

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.hazelcast</groupId>
    <artifactId>hazelcast</artifactId>
    <version>${hazelcast.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.hazelcast</groupId>
    <artifactId>hazelcast-spring</artifactId>
    <version>${hazelcast.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.hazelcast</groupId>
    <artifactId>hazelcast-kubernetes</artifactId>
    <version>${hazelcast-kubernetes.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate.orm</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
    <version>${hibernate-ehcache.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate.orm</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-jcache</artifactId>
    <version>${hibernate-jcache.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.ehcache</groupId>
    <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
    <version>${ehcache.version}</version>
</dependency>

依赖版本 #

<hazelcast-kubernetes.version>2.2.3</hazelcast-kubernetes.version>
<hazelcast.version>5.3.6</hazelcast.version>
<hibernate-ehcache.version>6.0.0.Alpha7</hibernate-ehcache.version>
<hibernate-jcache.version>6.4.4.Final</hibernate-jcache.version>
<ehcache.version>3.10.8</ehcache.version>

无代码解决方案 #

方案1：指定默认JCache缓存提供者 #

在application.yaml中配置，强制Spring和Hibernate使用EhCache作为缓存提供者，避免自动检测到Hazelcast：

spring:
  cache:
    type: jcache
    jcache:
      provider: org.ehcache.jsr107.EhcacheCachingProvider
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        cache:
          region:
            factory_class: org.hibernate.cache.jcache.JCacheRegionFactory
          jcache:
            provider: org.ehcache.jsr107.EhcacheCachingProvider

方案2：禁用Hazelcast自动配置 #

直接让Spring Boot不自动初始化Hazelcast，仅当你显式配置启用时才生效：

spring:
  autoconfigure:
    exclude: com.hazelcast.spring.boot.autoconfigure.HazelcastAutoConfiguration

方案3：通过开关控制Hazelcast启动 #

如果项目原本就有Hazelcast的启用开关，确保默认关闭，仅在需要时手动开启：

hazelcast:
  enabled: false

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Meowtobot