MacBook M3上conda安装nb_conda_kernels报错及解决方法咨询

问题 #

在Apple MacBook M3上安装Jupyter Notebook时，执行命令 conda install -c conda-forge nb_conda_kernels 遇到如下错误：

Solving environment: | warning  libmamba Added empty dependency for problem type SOLVER_RULE_UPDATE
failed

LibMambaUnsatisfiableError: Encountered problems while solving:

- nothing provides _python_rc needed by python-3.12.0rc3-rc3_h47c9636_1_cpython

Could not solve for environment specs
The following packages are incompatible
├─ nb_conda_kernels is installable with the potential options
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.10,<3.11.0a0 *_cpython, which can be installed;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.11,<3.12.0a0 *_cpython, which can be installed;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.8,<3.9.0a0 , which can be installed;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.8,<3.9.0a0 *_cpython, which can be installed;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.9,<3.10.0a0 , which can be installed;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.9,<3.10.0a0 *_cpython, which can be installed;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.8,<3.12  with the potential options
│  │     ├─ python [3.10.0|3.10.1|...|3.10.9], which can be installed;
│  │     ├─ python [3.11.0|3.11.1|...|3.11.8], which can be installed;
│  │     ├─ python [3.8.10|3.8.12|...|3.8.8], which can be installed;
│  │     ├─ python [3.9.0|3.9.1|...|3.9.9], which can be installed;
│  │     ├─ python 3.12.0rc3 would require
│  │     │  └─ _python_rc, which does not exist (perhaps a missing channel);
│  │     ├─ python [3.10.0|3.10.10|...|3.10.9], which can be installed;
│  │     ├─ python [3.11.0|3.11.2|...|3.11.8], which can be installed;
│  │     ├─ python [3.8.11|3.8.13|...|3.8.19], which can be installed;
│  │     └─ python [3.9.11|3.9.12|...|3.9.7], `your text`
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ __win, which is missing on the system;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.8,<3.11 , which can be installed;
│  ├─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│  │  └─ python >=3.10,<3.11.0a0 , which can be installed;
│  └─ nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1 would require
│     └─ python >=3.11,<3.12.0a0 , which can be installed;
└─ pin-1 is not installable because it requires
└─ python 3.12.* , which conflicts with any installable versions previously reported.

Pins seem to be involved in the conflict. Currently pinned specs:

- python 3.12.* (labeled as 'pin-1')

错误原因 #

1. 版本兼容冲突：当前conda环境固定了Python 3.12版本（标记为pin-1），但nb_conda_kernels 2.3.1的所有可用版本仅支持Python 3.8~3.11（要求<3.12），两者直接冲突。
2. 测试版依赖缺失：你使用的Python是3.12.0rc3（候选发布版），conda源中没有它需要的_python_rc依赖包，这也导致环境求解失败。

修复方案 #

方案一：创建新的兼容环境（推荐） #

新建一个指定Python 3.11的环境，避免破坏现有环境：

# 创建新环境并指定Python 3.11
conda create -n jupyter_env python=3.11
# 激活新环境
conda activate jupyter_env
# 安装nb_conda_kernels和Jupyter Notebook
conda install -c conda-forge nb_conda_kernels jupyter notebook

方案二：降级现有环境的Python版本 #

如果不想新建环境，可以解除Python版本固定并降级到3.11：

# 移除Python 3.12的版本固定
conda config --remove pinned_packages python=3.12.*
# 降级Python到3.11
conda install python=3.11
# 重新安装nb_conda_kernels
conda install -c conda-forge nb_conda_kernels

方案三：等待官方兼容更新 #

如果不急着使用，可以等待nb_conda_kernels发布支持Python 3.12的版本，但这个时间不确定，不推荐紧急场景使用。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Steady Prog