NixOS添加多语言区域支持遇问题求助

问题重现 #

使用最新稳定版NixOS，尝试通过configuration.nix的i18n.supportedLocales添加韩语支持，配置如下：

i18n.supportedLocales = [
  "ko_KR.UTF-8/UTF-8"
];

其余区域设置：

# Set your time zone.
time.timeZone = "Australia/Melbourne";

# Select internationalisation properties.
i18n.defaultLocale = "en_AU.UTF-8";

i18n.extraLocaleSettings = {
  LC_ADDRESS = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_IDENTIFICATION = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_MEASUREMENT = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_MONETARY = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_NAME = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_NUMERIC = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_PAPER = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_TELEPHONE = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_TIME = "en_AU.UTF-8";
};

执行sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake .时，出现Perl locale错误：

perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
    LANGUAGE = (unset),
    LC_ALL = (unset),
    LC_ADDRESS = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_NAME = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_MONETARY = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_PAPER = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_IDENTIFICATION = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_TELEPHONE = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_MEASUREMENT = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_TIME = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_NUMERIC = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LANG = "en_AU.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
setting up /etc...
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
    LANGUAGE = (unset),
    LC_ALL = (unset),
    LC_ADDRESS = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_NAME = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_MONETARY = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_PAPER = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_IDENTIFICATION = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_TELEPHONE = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_MEASUREMENT = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_TIME = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LC_NUMERIC = "en_AU.UTF-8",
    LANG = "en_AU.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").

解决方案 #

1. 包含默认locale到supportedLocales #

当前仅配置了韩语locale，但系统默认的en_AU.UTF-8未被加入supportedLocales，导致系统未生成该locale的相关文件，Perl调用时找不到对应资源而报错。修改配置：

i18n.supportedLocales = [
  "en_AU.UTF-8/UTF-8"
  "ko_KR.UTF-8/UTF-8"
];

2. 配置LANGUAGE环境变量 #

错误提示LANGUAGE = (unset)，这会影响locale的加载优先级。在extraLocaleSettings中添加该变量：

i18n.extraLocaleSettings = {
  LC_ADDRESS = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_IDENTIFICATION = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_MEASUREMENT = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_MONETARY = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_NAME = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_NUMERIC = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_PAPER = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_TELEPHONE = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LC_TIME = "en_AU.UTF-8";
  LANGUAGE = "en_AU:ko_KR"; # 新增：优先英文，其次韩语
};

3. 强制生成locale缓存（可选） #

如果重建系统后问题依旧，手动执行以下命令生成完整的locale缓存：

sudo locale-gen

原因说明 #

NixOS通过i18n.supportedLocales指定需要预生成的locale文件，未在列表中的locale不会被系统构建。之前的配置仅生成了韩语locale，而默认的en_AU.UTF-8缺失，导致Perl无法加载对应的locale数据，最终触发警告。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Ethan