TypeScript编译ES6目标后Async/Await未正常保留问题求助

我是TypeScript新手，写了一段调用psn-api获取PS用户奖杯数据的代码，用tsc index.ts编译后生成的JS里，async/await没有保留原生语法，反而变成了一堆带__awaiter、__generator的代码。我的tsconfig已经设置了target为ES6、module为CommonJS，环境是Windows11、VSCode，Node.js是官网安装的最新版，TypeScript通过npm安装。

我的TypeScript代码 #

import * as fs from "fs";

import type { Trophy } from "psn-api";
import {
  exchangeCodeForAccessToken,
  exchangeNpssoForCode,
  getTitleTrophies,
  getUserTitles,
  getUserTrophiesEarnedForTitle,
  makeUniversalSearch,
  TrophyRarity
} from "psn-api";

async function main() {
  // 1. Authenticate and become authorized with PSN.
  // See the Authenticating Manually docs for how to get your NPSSO.
  const accessCode = await exchangeNpssoForCode("GqO4rje8Hx1sFqeEbzckLYND101S51LqWaXIrlMbC7TWybbZAYZygCqCSE8wx64E");
  const authorization = await exchangeCodeForAccessToken(accessCode);

  // 2. Get the user's `accountId` from the username.
  const allAccountsSearchResults = await makeUniversalSearch(
    authorization,
    "andykasen13",
    "SocialAllAccounts"
  );

  const targetAccountId =
    allAccountsSearchResults.domainResponses[0].results[0].socialMetadata
      .accountId;

  // 3. Get the user's list of titles (games).
  const { trophyTitles } = await getUserTitles(authorization, targetAccountId);

  const games: any[] = [];
  for (const title of trophyTitles) {
    // 4. Get the list of trophies for each of the user's titles.
    const { trophies: titleTrophies } = await getTitleTrophies(
      authorization,
      title.npCommunicationId,
      "all",
      {
        npServiceName:
          title.trophyTitlePlatform !== "PS5" ? "trophy" : undefined
      }
    );

    // 5. Get the list of _earned_ trophies for each of the user's titles.
    const { trophies: earnedTrophies } = await getUserTrophiesEarnedForTitle(
      authorization,
      targetAccountId,
      title.npCommunicationId,
      "all",
      {
        npServiceName:
          title.trophyTitlePlatform !== "PS5" ? "trophy" : undefined
      }
    );

    // 6. Merge the two trophy lists.
    const mergedTrophies = mergeTrophyLists(titleTrophies, earnedTrophies);

    games.push({
      gameName: title.trophyTitleName,
      platform: title.trophyTitlePlatform,
      trophyTypeCounts: title.definedTrophies,
      earnedCounts: title.earnedTrophies,
      trophyList: mergedTrophies
    });
  }

  // 7. Write to a JSON file.
  fs.writeFileSync("./games.json", JSON.stringify(games));
}

const mergeTrophyLists = (
  titleTrophies: Trophy[],
  earnedTrophies: Trophy[]
) => {
  const mergedTrophies: any[] = [];

  for (const earnedTrophy of earnedTrophies) {
    const foundTitleTrophy = titleTrophies.find(
      (t) => t.trophyId === earnedTrophy.trophyId
    );

    mergedTrophies.push(
      normalizeTrophy({ ...earnedTrophy, ...foundTitleTrophy })
    );
  }

  return mergedTrophies;
};

const normalizeTrophy = (trophy: Trophy) => {
  return {
    isEarned: trophy.earned ?? false,
    earnedOn: trophy.earned ? trophy.earnedDateTime : "unearned",
    type: trophy.trophyType,
    rarity: 0,
    earnedRate: Number(trophy.trophyEarnedRate),
    trophyName: trophy.trophyName,
    groupId: trophy.trophyGroupId
  };
};

main();

编译后的JavaScript代码 #

"use strict";
var __assign = (this && this.__assign) || function () {
    __assign = Object.assign || function(t) {
        for (var s, i = 1, n = arguments.length; i < n; i++) {
            s = arguments[i];
            for (var p in s) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(s, p))
                t[p] = s[p];
        }
        return t;
    };
    return __assign.apply(this, arguments);
};
var __awaiter = (this && this.__awaiter) || function (thisArg, _arguments, P, generator) {
    function adopt(value) { return value instanceof P ? value : new P(function (resolve) { resolve(value); }); }
    return new (P || (P = Promise))(function (resolve, reject) {
        function fulfilled(value) { try { step(generator.next(value)); } catch (e) { reject(e); } }
        function rejected(value) { try { step(generator["throw"](value)); } catch (e) { reject(e); } }
        function step(result) { result.done ? resolve(result.value) : adopt(result.value).then(fulfilled, rejected); }
        step((generator = generator.apply(thisArg, _arguments || [])).next());
    });
};
var __generator = (this && this.__generator) || function (thisArg, body) {
    var _ = { label: 0, sent: function() { if (t[0] & 1) throw t[1]; return t[1]; }, trys: [], ops: [] }, f, y, t, g;
    return g = { next: verb(0), "throw": verb(1), "return": verb(2) }, typeof Symbol === "function" && (g[Symbol.iterator] = function() { return this; }), g;
    function verb(n) { return function (v) { return step([n, v]); }; }
    function step(op) {
        if (f) throw new TypeError("Generator is already executing.");
        while (g && (g = 0, op[0] && (_ = 0)), _) try {
            if (f = 1, y && (t = op[0] & 2 ? y["return"] : op[0] ? y["throw"] || ((t = y["return"]) && t.call(y), 0) : y.next) && !(t = t.call(y, op[1])).done) return t;
            if (y = 0, t) op = [op[0] & 2, t.value];
            switch (op[0]) {
                case 0: case 1: t = op; break;
                case 4: _.label++; return { value: op[1], done: false };
                case 5: _.label++; y = op[1]; op = [0]; continue;
                case 7: op = _.ops.pop(); _.trys.pop(); continue;
                default:
                    if (!(t = _.trys, t = t.length > 0 && t[t.length - 1]) && (op[0] === 6 || op[0] === 2)) { _ = 0; continue; }
                    if (op[0] === 3 && (!t || (op[1] > t[0] && op[1] < t[3]))) { _.label = op[1]; break; }
                    if (op[0] === 6 && _.label < t[1]) { _.label = t[1]; t = op; break; }
                    if (t && _.label < t[2]) { _.label = t[2]; _.ops.push(op); break; }
                    if (t[2]) _.ops.pop();
                    _.trys.pop(); continue;
            }
            op = body.call(thisArg, _);
        } catch (e) { op = [6, e]; y = 0; } finally { f = t = 0; }
        if (op[0] & 5) throw op[1]; return { value: op[0] ? op[1] : void 0, done: true };
    }
};
Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
var fs = require("fs");
var psn_api_1 = require("psn-api");
function main() {
    return __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function () {
        var accessCode, authorization, allAccountsSearchResults, targetAccountId, trophyTitles, games, _i, trophyTitles_1, title, titleTrophies, earnedTrophies, mergedTrophies;
        return __generator(this, function (_a) {
            switch (_a.label) {
                case 0: return [4 /*yield*/, (0, psn_api_1.exchangeNpssoForCode)("GqO4rje8Hx1sFqeEbzckLYND101S51LqWaXIrlMbC7TWybbZAYZygCqCSE8wx64E")];
                case 1:
                    accessCode = _a.sent();
                    return [4 /*yield*/, (0, psn_api_1.exchangeCodeForAccessToken)(accessCode)];
                case 2:
                    authorization = _a.sent();
                    return [4 /*yield*/, (0, psn_api_1.makeUniversalSearch)(authorization, "andykasen13", "SocialAllAccounts")];
                case 3:
                    allAccountsSearchResults = _a.sent();
                    targetAccountId = allAccountsSearchResults.domainResponses[0].results[0].socialMetadata
                        .accountId;
                    return [4 /*yield*/, (0, psn_api_1.getUserTitles)(authorization, targetAccountId)];
                case 4:
                    trophyTitles = (_a.sent()).trophyTitles;
                    games = [];
                    _i = 0, trophyTitles_1 = trophyTitles;
                    _a.label = 5;
                case 5:
                    if (!(_i < trophyTitles_1.length)) return [3 /*break*/, 9];
                    title = trophyTitles_1[_i];
                    return [4 /*yield*/, (0, psn_api_1.getTitleTrophies)(authorization, title.npCommunicationId, "all", {
                            npServiceName: title.trophyTitlePlatform !== "PS5" ? "trophy" : undefined
                        })];
                case 6:
                    titleTrophies = (_a.sent()).trophies;
                    return [4 /*yield*/, (0, psn_api_1.getUserTrophiesEarnedForTitle)(authorization, targetAccountId, title.npCommunicationId, "all", {
                            npServiceName: title.trophyTitlePlatform !== "PS5" ? "trophy" : undefined
                        })];
                case 7:
                    earnedTrophies = (_a.sent()).trophies;
                    mergedTrophies = mergeTrophyLists(titleTrophies, earnedTrophies);
                    games.push({
                        gameName: title.trophyTitleName,
                        platform: title.trophyTitlePlatform,
                        trophyTypeCounts: title.definedTrophies,
                        earnedCounts: title.earnedTrophies,
                        trophyList: mergedTrophies
                    });
                    _a.label = 8;
                case 8:
                    _i++;
                    return [3 /*break*/, 5];
                case 9:
                    // 7. Write to a JSON file.
                    fs.writeFileSync("./games.json", JSON.stringify(games));
                    return [2 /*return*/];
            }
        });
    });
}
var mergeTrophyLists = function (titleTrophies, earnedTrophies) {
    var mergedTrophies = [];
    var _loop_1 = function (earnedTrophy) {
        var foundTitleTrophy = titleTrophies.find(function (t) { return t.trophyId === earnedTrophy.trophyId; });
        mergedTrophies.push(normalizeTrophy(__assign(__assign({}, earnedTrophy), foundTitleTrophy)));
    };
    for (var _i = 0, earnedTrophies_1 = earnedTrophies; _i < earnedTrophies_1.length; _i++) {
        var earnedTrophy = earnedTrophies_1[_i];
        _loop_1(earnedTrophy);
    }
    return mergedTrophies;
};
var normalizeTrophy = function (trophy) {
    var _a;
    return {
        isEarned: (_a = trophy.earned) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : false,
        earnedOn: trophy.earned ? trophy.earnedDateTime : "unearned",
        type: trophy.trophyType,
        rarity: 0,
        earnedRate: Number(trophy.trophyEarnedRate),
        trophyName: trophy.trophyName,
        groupId: trophy.trophyGroupId
    };
};
main();

我的tsconfig.json #

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "target" : "ES6",
        "module": "CommonJS",
        "outDir": "./build",
        "strict": true
    }
}

问题原因 #

你设置的target: ES6是核心问题——ES6（ES2015）标准里并没有async/await语法，这个特性是ES2017才正式纳入标准的。因此TypeScript会自动把async函数转成ES6兼容的模拟实现，也就是你看到的__awaiter、__generator这些辅助函数，用Promise和生成器逻辑来模拟async/await的行为。

解决方案 #

把tsconfig.json里的target字段修改为ES2017或更高版本（比如ESNext、ES2022），这样TypeScript就会直接输出原生的async/await语法，不再生成模拟代码。修改后的配置如下：

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "target" : "ES2017",
        "module": "CommonJS",
        "outDir": "./build",
        "strict": true
    }
}

补充说明 #

当前主流的Node.js LTS版本（16.x及以上）都完全支持ES2017特性，无需担心兼容性问题。如果你的Node.js版本较老，建议先升级到最新LTS版本再使用该配置。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者andy