Linux VPS上Docker挂载nginx.conf至容器失败求助

环境信息 #

• 服务器：Ubuntu 23.04 VPS
• 问题仅出现在Linux VPS，Windows开发环境无异常

问题详情 #

执行docker-compose up启动容器时，Nginx容器启动失败，报错如下：

root@srv502529:/docker_projects/personal-site-2024# docker-compose up
Creating network "personal-site-2024_default" with the default driver
Creating personal-site-2024_api_proxy_server_1 ... done
Creating personal-site-2024_webserver_1        ... done
Creating personal-site-2024_cms_server_1       ... done
Creating personal-site-2024_nginx_1            ... error

ERROR: for personal-site-2024_nginx_1  Cannot start service nginx: failed to create task for container: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: error during container init: error mounting "/nginx.conf" to rootfs at "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf": mount /nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf (via /proc/self/fd/6), flags: 0x5000: not a directory: unknown: Are you trying to mount a directory onto a file (or vice-versa)? Check if the specified host path exists and is the expected type

ERROR: for nginx  Cannot start service nginx: failed to create task for container: failed to create shim task: OCI runtime create failed: runc create failed: unable to start container process: error during container init: error mounting "/nginx.conf" to rootfs at "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf": mount /nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf (via /proc/self/fd/6), flags: 0x5000: not a directory: unknown: Are you trying to mount a directory onto a file (or vice-versa)? Check if the specified host path exists and is the expected type

确认nginx.conf文件存在于项目目录中，但挂载仍失败。

相关docker-compose配置片段 #

services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    volumes:
      - /nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    depends_on:
      - webserver
      - api_proxy_server
      - cms_server

已尝试操作及新问题 #

尝试修改卷映射为./nginx:/etc/，容器启动成功，但Nginx报错找不到配置文件：

nginx_1             | /docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
nginx_1             | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
nginx_1             | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
nginx_1             | 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf is not a file or does not exist
nginx_1             | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Sourcing /docker-entrypoint.d/15-local-resolvers.envsh
nginx_1             | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
nginx_1             | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh
nginx_1             | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
nginx_1             | 2024/04/08 15:35:46 [emerg] 1#1: open() "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" failed (2: No such file or directory)
nginx_1             | nginx: [emerg] open() "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" failed (2: No such file or directory)

解决方案 #

1. 修正主机文件路径 #

原配置中/nginx.conf是绝对路径，指向服务器根目录下的文件，而非项目目录中的文件。需改为相对路径（确保执行docker-compose up时处于项目根目录）：

volumes:
  - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

• ./nginx.conf表示当前工作目录下的nginx.conf文件，与容器内/etc/nginx/nginx.conf文件绑定。

2. 验证路径正确性 #

执行以下命令确认文件路径和权限：

# 确认文件存在
ls -l ./nginx.conf
# 确保文件权限允许读取
chmod 644 ./nginx.conf

3. 避免覆盖容器关键目录 #

之前使用./nginx:/etc/会覆盖容器整个/etc目录，导致Nginx丢失原有系统配置文件。正确做法是仅挂载需要自定义的文件或子目录，比如：

• 挂载自定义主配置：./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
• 挂载额外配置目录：./conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d

4. 重新启动容器 #

修改配置后，重启容器：

docker-compose down
docker-compose up -d

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Hayden Gorringe