如何在GitHub Actions中解决Telethon无交互登录发送文件问题

问题背景 #

在GitHub Actions定时运行脚本，通过Telethon使用个人Telegram账号向指定群组发送生成的文件时，遇到无交互环境下登录需要手动输入手机号和验证码的问题，运行时报错：

Run python Send_Telagram_Message.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Send_Telagram_Message.py", line 33, in <module>
with client:
File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/telethon/helpers.py", line 219, in _sync_enter
return loop.run_until_complete(self.__aenter__())
File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/asyncio/base_events.py", line 616, in run_until_complete
return future.result()
File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/telethon/client/auth.py", line 657, in __aenter__
return await self.start()
File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/telethon/client/auth.py", line 165, in _start
value = phone()
File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/telethon/client/auth.py", line 22, in <lambda>
phone: typing.Callable[[], str] = lambda: input('Please enter your phone (or bot token): '),
EOFError: EOF when reading a line
Please enter your phone (or bot token): 
Error: Process completed with exit code 1.

用户当前使用的Telethon代码：

from telethon.sync import TelegramClient
import os

# Set up the Telegram client with your own account credentials
api_id = os.environ['API_ID']
api_hash = os.environ['API_HASH']
phone_number = os.environ['PHONE_NUMBER']

client = TelegramClient('send things', api_id, api_hash)

async def main():
    # Log in to your Telegram account
    await client.start(phone_number)

    # Replace 'group_username' with the username of your group
    group_id = -4119703192
    group_entity = await client.get_entity(group_id)

    # Path to the folder containing images
    folder_path = os.path.join(current_directory, 'To_Send')

    # Iterate through the images in the folder
    for filename in os.listdir(folder_path):
        if filename.endswith('.jpg') or filename.endswith('.png'):
            image_path = os.path.join(folder_path, filename)

            # Send the image to the group
            await client.send_file(group_entity, file=image_path)

    print("All images sent to the group.")

# Run the main function
with client:
    client.loop.run_until_complete(main())

GitHub Actions工作流配置：

name: Send_Telagram_Message.py

on:
  schedule:
    - cron: '* * * * *' #10min

jobs:
  run_script:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Set up Python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
        with:
          python-version: 3.8

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: |
          pip install telethon
          
      - name: Run script
        env:
          API_ID: ${{ secrets.TELEGRAM_API_ID }}
          API_HASH: ${{ secrets.TELEGRAM_API_HASH }}
          PHONE_NUMBER: ${{ secrets.TELEGRAM_PHONE_NUMBER }}
        run: python Send_Telagram_Message.py

解决方案 #

1. 本地生成Telethon会话文件 #

Telethon首次登录后会生成一个.session文件，用于后续自动复用登录状态，无需再次输入手机号和验证码：

• 在本地环境运行你的Telethon脚本，手动完成手机号、验证码（以及两步验证密码，如果开启的话）的输入，运行成功后会在当前目录生成send things.session文件（文件名对应你代码中TelegramClient的第一个参数）。

2. 存储会话文件 #

有两种方式将会话文件引入GitHub Actions环境：

方式一：直接加入Git仓库

将生成的send things.session文件添加到你的Git仓库并提交推送。注意：该文件包含你的账号登录信息，若仓库公开存在安全风险，建议使用方式二。

方式二：通过GitHub Secrets存储（更安全）

• 将send things.session文件编码为base64字符串：

  base64 "send things.session" > session_base64.txt
  

• 打开GitHub仓库的Settings → Secrets and variables → Actions，新建一个Secret，命名为TELETHON_SESSION，将session_base64.txt中的内容粘贴进去。

3. 修改Telethon脚本 #

• 补全缺失的current_directory变量定义；
• 若账号开启两步验证，添加密码参数；
• 确保client.start()能自动复用会话：

from telethon.sync import TelegramClient
import os

# 获取当前工作目录
current_directory = os.getcwd()

api_id = os.environ['API_ID']
api_hash = os.environ['API_HASH']
phone_number = os.environ['PHONE_NUMBER']
# 若开启两步验证，从环境变量获取密码
telegram_password = os.environ.get('TELEGRAM_PASSWORD')

# 客户端会自动加载会话文件，无需重新验证
client = TelegramClient('send things', api_id, api_hash)

async def main():
    # 启动客户端，会话文件存在时自动登录
    await client.start(phone=phone_number, password=telegram_password)

    group_id = -4119703192
    group_entity = await client.get_entity(group_id)

    folder_path = os.path.join(current_directory, 'To_Send')

    for filename in os.listdir(folder_path):
        if filename.endswith('.jpg') or filename.endswith('.png'):
            image_path = os.path.join(folder_path, filename)
            await client.send_file(group_entity, file=image_path)

    print("All images sent to the group.")

with client:
    client.loop.run_until_complete(main())

4. 更新GitHub Actions工作流 #

• 若使用方式二存储会话文件，添加步骤还原会话文件；
• 若有两步验证密码，添加对应的环境变量：

name: Send_Telagram_Message.py

on:
  schedule:
    - cron: '*/10 * * * *' # 每10分钟运行一次（修正原cron表达式）

jobs:
  run_script:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2

      - name: Set up Python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
        with:
          python-version: 3.8

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: |
          pip install telethon
          
      # 仅当使用方式二时添加此步骤
      - name: Restore Telethon session file
        run: echo "${{ secrets.TELETHON_SESSION }}" | base64 -d > "send things.session"
          
      - name: Run script
        env:
          API_ID: ${{ secrets.TELEGRAM_API_ID }}
          API_HASH: ${{ secrets.TELEGRAM_API_HASH }}
          PHONE_NUMBER: ${{ secrets.TELEGRAM_PHONE_NUMBER }}
          TELEGRAM_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.TELEGRAM_PASSWORD }} # 若开启两步验证则添加
        run: python Send_Telagram_Message.py

原理说明 #

Telethon的.session文件保存了账号的登录会话信息，在无交互环境中，客户端会自动读取该文件完成登录，避免了需要手动输入手机号和验证码的流程，从而解决EOFError问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Amin Achak