虚拟环境Jupyter Lab启动失败：rpds模块相关错误求助

之前在虚拟环境中运行Jupyter Lab一切正常，今早安装另一程序后无法正常启动，更新Jupyter Lab也未解决问题，启动时错误日志如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen runpy>", line 198, in _run_module_as_main
  File "<frozen runpy>", line 88, in _run_code
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Scripts\jupyter-lab.EXE\__main__.py", line 4, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jupyterlab\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from .handlers.announcements import (
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jupyterlab\handlers\announcements.py", line 14, in <module>
    from jupyter_server.base.handlers import APIHandler
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jupyter_server\base\handlers.py", line 23, in <module>
    from jupyter_events import EventLogger
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jupyter_events\__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .logger import EVENTS_METADATA_VERSION, EventLogger
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jupyter_events\logger.py", line 14, in <module>
    from jsonschema import ValidationError
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jsonschema\__init__.py", line 13, in <module>
    from jsonschema._format import FormatChecker
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jsonschema\_format.py", line 11, in <module>
    from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\jsonschema\exceptions.py", line 15, in <module>
    from referencing.exceptions import Unresolvable as _Unresolvable
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\referencing\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from referencing._core import Anchor, Registry, Resource, Specification
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\referencing\_core.py", line 9, in <module>
    from rpds import HashTrieMap, HashTrieSet, List
  File "C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\rpds\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .rpds import *
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'rpds.rpds'

更新：安装rpds模块后出现新错误：

ImportError: cannot import name 'HashTrieMap' from 'rpds' (C:\Users\lixia\venv\Lib\site-packages\rpds\__init__.py)

解决方案 #

• 卸载当前rpds包，安装兼容版本：

  pip uninstall -y rpds
  pip install rpds-py==0.10.6
  

  注：rpds是旧包名，官方现已更名为rpds-py，新版本调整了命名空间，旧依赖需要指定兼容版本才能正常导入。
• 若上述方法无效，清理冲突的Jupyter相关依赖后重装：

  pip uninstall -y jupyterlab jupyter_server jupyter_events jsonschema referencing
  pip install jupyterlab
  

• 终极方案：备份当前环境包列表，重建虚拟环境：

  # 导出已安装包列表
  pip freeze > requirements.txt
  # 清空当前虚拟环境
  python -m venv --clear venv
  # 激活虚拟环境后执行以下命令
  pip install -r requirements.txt
  pip install jupyterlab
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者VXL963