Tomcat CATALINA_BASE指向C盘异常，IntelliJ运行Servlet项目报错求助

问题现象 #

Tomcat实际安装在E盘，但运行时CATALINA_BASE指向C盘不存在的路径C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.0，无法加载server.xml，抛出FileNotFoundException，服务器启动失败。已尝试设置系统环境变量CATALINA_BASE但无效，需将其改为与CATALINA_HOME一致。

运行日志 #

"E:\Software Development\Java Development\Servelts & JSP\apache-tomcat-9.0.85-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-9.0.85\bin\catalina.bat" run
[2024-04-16 11:30:54,189] Artifact customer-support:war exploded: Waiting for server connection to start artifact deployment...
Using CATALINA_BASE:   "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.0"
Using CATALINA_HOME:   "E:\Software Development\Java Development\Servelts & JSP\apache-tomcat-9.0.85-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-9.0.85"
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: "E:\Software Development\Java Development\Servelts & JSP\apache-tomcat-9.0.85-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-9.0.85\temp"
Using JRE_HOME:        "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-21"
Using CLASSPATH:       "E:\Software Development\Java Development\Servelts & JSP\apache-tomcat-9.0.85-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-9.0.85\bin\bootstrap.jar;E:\Software Development\Java Development\Servelts & JSP\apache-tomcat-9.0.85-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-9.0.85\bin\tomcat-juli.jar"
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   ""
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS:  --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
Apr 16, 2024 11:30:55 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina parseServerXml
WARNING: Unable to load server configuration from [C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 8.0\conf\server.xml]
java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\conf\server.xml (The system cannot find the path specified)
    at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.open0(Native Method)
    at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.open(FileInputStream.java:213)
    at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:152)
    at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:106)
    at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.file.FileURLConnection.connect(FileURLConnection.java:84)
    at java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.file.FileURLConnection.getInputStream(FileURLConnection.java:180)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.CatalinaBaseConfigurationSource.getResource(CatalinaBaseConfigurationSource.java:118)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.file.ConfigurationSource.getConfResource(ConfigurationSource.java:150)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.file.ConfigurationSource.getServerXml(ConfigurationSource.java:127)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.CatalinaBaseConfigurationSource.getServerXml(CatalinaBaseConfigurationSource.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.parseServerXml(Catalina.java:606)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:709)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:746)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:307)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:477)

Apr 16, 2024 11:30:55 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
SEVERE: Cannot start server, server instance is not configured
Disconnected from server

解决步骤 #

• 修改IDEA内的Tomcat配置：

  1. 点击右上角运行按钮旁的下拉菜单，选择Edit Configurations...打开运行配置窗口
  2. 在左侧列表找到你的Tomcat Server配置项，点击进入详情页
  3. 切换到Server标签，点击Tomcat Server右侧的Configure...按钮
  4. 在弹出的Tomcat配置窗口中，确认Tomcat Home是E盘的实际路径，然后手动将CATALINA_BASE设置为与CATALINA_HOME完全相同的路径
  5. 保存所有配置后，重新启动Tomcat

• 清除IDEA缓存：

  1. 点击顶部菜单栏File -> Invalidate Caches...
  2. 选择Invalidate and Restart，等待IDEA重启后再尝试启动项目

• 清理旧Tomcat实例残留：
  手动删除IDEA生成的Tomcat实例目录（通常路径为C:\Users\<你的用户名>\.IntelliJIdea<版本号>\system\tomcat\<项目相关名称>），之后重新配置Tomcat

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Kelash