WSL Ubuntu环境下OpenCV编译make命令报错求助

在Windows 10的WSL环境运行Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS，安装OpenCV时执行build目录下的make命令报错，核心问题是GCC的intrinsic头文件（如xsaveintrin.h、avxintrin.h等）被无关内容污染，出现大量语法错误，导致编译终止。

错误输出片段 #

[ 21%] Built target opencv_highgui_plugins
[ 21%] Built target opencv_dnn_plugins
[ 21%] Built target opencv_videoio_plugins
[ 21%] Built target ittnotify
[ 21%] Built target ippiw
[ 21%] Built target libopenjp2
[ 21%] Built target ade
[ 21%] Built target libwebp
[ 21%] Built target libprotobuf
[ 21%] Built target IlmImf
[ 21%] Building CXX object modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/src/parallel_impl.cpp.o
In file included from /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include/immintrin.h:43,
                 from /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include/x86intrin.h:32,
                 from /home/andrea/Code/AI/esercitazione4-23-24/opencv/modules/core/src/parallel_impl.cpp:43:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include/xsaveintrin.h:3:10: error: stray ‘\’ in program
    3 |        */\m* */\M*
      |          ^
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include/xsaveintrin.h:3:16: error: stray ‘\’ in program
    3 |        */\m* */\M*
      |                ^
...
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include/avxintrin.h:11:24: error: missing terminating ' character
   11 | Long-time Vim users won't use menus much.  But the power is in adding your own
      |                        ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
...
make[2]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/build.make:999: modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/src/parallel_impl.cpp.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:1703: modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:166: all] Error 2

已尝试的操作 #

• 执行sudo apt update、sudo apt upgrade更新系统包
• 更新WSL并重启环境
• 执行make clean后重新编译
• 注释OpenCV核心模块CMakeLists中的SIMD测试代码：

  ocv_add_dispatched_file_force_all(test_intrin128 TEST SSE2 SSE3 SSSE3 SSE4_1 SSE4_2 AVX FP16 AVX2 AVX512_SKX)
  ocv_add_dispatched_file_force_all(test_intrin256 TEST AVX2 AVX512_SKX LASX)
  ocv_add_dispatched_file_force_all(test_intrin512 TEST AVX512_SKX)
  

解决步骤 #

从错误信息可判断，GCC的系统头文件被无关内容（如Vim文档片段）覆盖或损坏，这是编译失败的根源，修复步骤如下：

1. 重装GCC相关包，修复损坏的头文件：

   sudo apt install --reinstall gcc-9 gcc-9-base libgcc-9-dev
   

   （当前使用GCC 9，需指定对应版本）

2. 验证头文件恢复正常：
   检查任意报错的头文件，确认内容为正常的GCC intrinsic定义：

   cat /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include/xsaveintrin.h
   

3. 重新编译OpenCV：
   清理旧build目录，重新配置并编译：

   rm -rf build && mkdir build && cd build
   cmake [你的OpenCV配置参数] ..
   make -j$(nproc)
   

补充建议 #

若重装GCC后问题仍存在，可能是WSL文件系统损坏，可尝试：

• 导出当前WSL分发版，重新导入干净实例
• 切换至WSL 2版本，提升文件系统稳定性

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user24604957