npm UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE错误：无法安装Angular CLI求助

问题场景 #

• 使用学生版WebStorm克隆GitHub仓库后，点击「Run 'npm install'」按钮，出现UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE错误，Angular项目的node_modules目录未安装成功。
• 本地全局安装的Angular CLI版本为17.0.9，而克隆的项目由Angular CLI 17.3.5创建。尝试以下操作后仍无法解决：
  1. 执行卸载命令：npm uninstall -g @angular/cli
  2. 执行缓存清理：npm cache clean --force
  3. 尝试安装最新版CLI：npm install -g @angular/cli@latest

报错信息 #

npm ERR! code UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE
npm ERR! errno UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE
npm ERR! request to https://registry.npmjs.org/@angular%2fcli failed, reason: unable to verify the first certificate
npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in: C:\Users\Home\AppData\Local\npm-cache_logs\2024-04-20T15_45_09_572Z-debug-0.log

日志详情 #

0 verbose cli C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\bin\npm-cli.js
1 info using npm@10.5.0
2 info using node@v20.12.2
3 timing npm:load:whichnode Completed in 3ms
4 timing config:load:defaults Completed in 2ms
5 timing config:load:file:C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\npmrc Completed in 5ms
6 timing config:load:builtin Completed in 6ms
7 timing config:load:cli Completed in 2ms
8 timing config:load:env Completed in 0ms
9 timing config:load:project Completed in 2ms
10 timing config:load:file:C:\Users\Home.npmrc Completed in 0ms
11 timing config:load:user Completed in 0ms
12 timing config:load:file:C:\Users\Home\AppData\Roaming\npm\etc\npmrc Completed in 0ms
13 timing config:load:global Completed in 0ms
14 timing config:load:setEnvs Completed in 1ms
15 timing config:load Completed in 15ms
16 timing npm:load:configload Completed in 15ms
17 timing config:load:flatten Completed in 3ms
18 timing npm:load:mkdirpcache Completed in 0ms
19 timing npm:load:mkdirplogs Completed in 0ms
20 verbose title npm install @angular/cli@latest
21 verbose argv "install" "--global" "@angular/cli@latest"
22 timing npm:load:setTitle Completed in 1ms
23 timing npm:load:display Completed in 1ms
24 verbose logfile logs-max:10 dir:C:\Users\Home\AppData\Local\npm-cache_logs\2024-04-20T15_45_09_572Z-
25 verbose logfile C:\Users\Home\AppData\Local\npm-cache_logs\2024-04-20T15_45_09_572Z-debug-0.log
26 timing npm:load:logFile Completed in 14ms
27 timing npm:load:timers Completed in 0ms
28 timing npm:load:configScope Completed in 0ms
29 timing npm:load Completed in 63ms
30 timing config:load:flatten Completed in 1ms
31 timing arborist:ctor Completed in 1ms
32 silly logfile start cleaning logs, removing 2 files
33 timing idealTree:init Completed in 16ms
34 silly logfile done cleaning log files
35 timing idealTree Completed in 71923ms
36 timing command:install Completed in 71958ms
37 verbose type system
38 verbose stack FetchError: request to https://registry.npmjs.org/@angular%2fcli failed, reason: unable to verify the first certificate
38 verbose stack     at ClientRequest. (C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\index.js:130:14)
38 verbose stack     at ClientRequest.emit (node:events:518:28)
38 verbose stack     at _destroy (node:_http_client:880:13)
38 verbose stack     at onSocketNT (node:_http_client:900:5)
38 verbose stack     at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:83:21)
39 verbose cwd C:\Users\Home
40 verbose Windows_NT 10.0.19045
41 verbose node v20.12.2
42 verbose npm  v10.5.0
43 error code UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE
44 error errno UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE
45 error request to https://registry.npmjs.org/@angular%2fcli failed, reason: unable to verify the first certificate
46 verbose exit 1
47 timing npm Completed in 72630ms
48 verbose unfinished npm timer reify 1713627910235
49 verbose unfinished npm timer reify:loadTrees 1713627910255
50 verbose unfinished npm timer idealTree:userRequests 1713627910273
51 verbose code 1
52 error A complete log of this run can be found in: C:\Users\Home\AppData\Local\npm-cache_logs\2024-04-20T15_45_09_572Z-debug-0.log

补充信息 #

• 急需完成大学项目，但目前无法通过npm安装Angular
• 了解到该问题可能与SSL证书、防火墙或代理有关，执行npm ping命令后同样出现相同错误：

npm ERR! code UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE
npm ERR! errno UNABLE_TO_VERIFY_LEAF_SIGNATURE
npm ERR! request to https://registry.npmjs.org/@angular%2fcli failed, reason: unable to verify the first certificate
npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in: C:\Users\Home\AppData\Local\npm-cache_logs\2024-04-20T15_45_09_572Z-debug-0.log

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者JorgeGerardo