Github Action构建部署ASP.NET Core 8 Web API失败：找不到引用项目

初始报错信息 #

"Skipping project "/src/x.Auth.Application/x.Auth.Application.csproj" because it was not found."

当前使用的Dockerfile #

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:8.0 AS base
USER app
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0 AS build
ARG BUILD_CONFIGURATION=Release
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["x.Auth.Api.csproj", "x.Auth.Api/"]
COPY ./nuget.config ./
RUN dotnet restore "./x.Auth.Api/./x.Auth.Api.csproj" --configfile nuget.config 
WORKDIR "/src/x.Auth.Api"
COPY . .
RUN dotnet build "./x.Auth.Api.csproj" -c $BUILD_CONFIGURATION -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
ARG BUILD_CONFIGURATION=Release
RUN dotnet publish "./x.Auth.Api.csproj" -c $BUILD_CONFIGURATION -o /app/publish /p:UseAppHost=false

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "x.Auth.Api.dll"]

尝试修改后的新错误 #

尝试添加引用项目的COPY指令：

COPY ["./x.Auth.Application/x.Auth.Application.csproj", "x.Auth.Api/"]

执行构建时出现新错误：

ERROR: failed to solve: failed to compute cache key: failed to calculate checksum of ref 544d66h1-12d6-4034-81g2-acacd40905b6::5c6647p590crca9mqzatprf96a: "/x.Application/x.Auth.Application.csproj": not found

项目文件夹结构 #

x/
  x.Auth.Application/
     |__x.Auth.Application.csproj
  x.Auth.Api/
     |__x.Auth.Api.csproj
     |__DockerFile

解决方案 #

问题核心在于Docker构建上下文路径和项目文件复制逻辑不匹配，以下是具体修复步骤：

1. 调整Docker构建上下文 #

由于Dockerfile位于x.Auth.Api/目录下，默认构建上下文是该目录，无法直接访问上级目录的x.Auth.Application。需要切换到x/目录执行构建命令，同时指定Dockerfile路径：

docker build -f ./x.Auth.Api/Dockerfile .

2. 修正Dockerfile的COPY逻辑 #

在build阶段，先按项目结构复制所有依赖项目的csproj文件，再执行restore，让dotnet能正确解析项目依赖：

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:8.0 AS base
USER app
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0 AS build
ARG BUILD_CONFIGURATION=Release
WORKDIR /src
# 按目录结构复制依赖项目的csproj
COPY ["x.Auth.Application/x.Auth.Application.csproj", "x.Auth.Application/"]
COPY ["x.Auth.Api/x.Auth.Api.csproj", "x.Auth.Api/"]
COPY ./nuget.config ./
# 对Api项目执行restore，自动处理依赖的Application项目
RUN dotnet restore "./x.Auth.Api/x.Auth.Api.csproj" --configfile nuget.config 
# 复制所有项目源码
COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/x.Auth.Api"
RUN dotnet build "./x.Auth.Api.csproj" -c $BUILD_CONFIGURATION -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
ARG BUILD_CONFIGURATION=Release
RUN dotnet publish "./x.Auth.Api.csproj" -c $BUILD_CONFIGURATION -o /app/publish /p:UseAppHost=false

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "x.Auth.Api.dll"]

3. Github Action中的对应调整 #

在Action的构建步骤中，指定正确的上下文目录和Dockerfile路径：

- name: Build and push Docker image
  uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
  with:
    context: ./x
    file: ./x/x.Auth.Api/Dockerfile
    push: true
    tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_REGISTRY }}/${{ secrets.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ github.sha }}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者matt sharp