使用CMake编译xyano_prorate.c时遇链接及代码警告问题求助

问题背景 #

我有一个名为xyano_prorate.c的程序，迁移后出现段错误，打算用SonarQube分析潜在编码问题，现在用CMake编译时遇到构建失败的情况。

我的CMakeLists.txt内容 #

message("------------------------------")
message(" ...  Building example    ...")
message("------------------------------")


cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16.3)

# The name of the executable will be : "xyano_prorate_project"
# When project(..) invoked the variable "PROJECT_NAME" will 
# have the value "xyano_prorate_project"
project(xyano_prorate_project DESCRIPTION "Testing program" LANGUAGES C)

# Set two new variables: one for src path and another for include path
# (PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR is set automatically when project(...) invoked
# its value is the path to the called CMakeLists.txt file)
set(SRC_DIR ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src)
set(INC_DIR ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/headers)

# Nexts adds the target (executable) name and its source files
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC_DIR}/xyano_prorate.c)

# Specifies the include directories for the target
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC "${INC_DIR}"/headers)

CMake配置输出 #

$ cmake -S .. -B ../build
CMake Warning (dev) at CMakeLists.txt:23:
  Syntax Warning in cmake code at column 63
  Argument not separated from preceding token by whitespace.
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
------------------------------
 ...  Building example    ...
------------------------------
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 13.2.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /builds/analytics/tam/xyanomi/target_dir/build

构建失败输出 #

$ /builds/group/analytics/mis/MIS-xyanomi/build-wrapper/build-wrapper-linux-x86-64 --out-dir "${BUILD_WRAPPER_OUT_DIR}" cmake --build build/ --config Release
[ 50%] Building C object CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o
xyano_prorate.pgc: In function 'strlwr':
xyano_prorate.pgc:617:12: warning: implicit declaration of function 'tolower' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
xyano_prorate.pgc:292:1: note: include '<ctype.h>' or provide a declaration of 'tolower'
xyano_prorate.pgc: In function 'strupr':
xyano_prorate.pgc:626:13: warning: implicit declaration of function 'toupper' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
xyano_prorate.pgc:626:13: note: include '<ctype.h>' or provide a declaration of 'toupper'
xyano_prorate.pgc: In function 'amountFC':
xyano_prorate.pgc:2553:13: warning: 'return' with no value, in function returning non-void
xyano_prorate.pgc:2509:8: note: declared here
xyano_prorate.pgc: In function 'unloadtkt':
xyano_prorate.pgc:11002:4: warning: implicit declaration of function 'getcwd'; did you mean 'getw'? [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
xyano_prorate.pgc:11013:4: warning: implicit declaration of function 'chdir' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
xyano_prorate.pgc: In function 'unload_le_reste':
xyano_prorate.pgc:11864:10: warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of 'BkgClass' [-Wimplicit-int]
xyano_prorate.pgc:11865:5: warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of 'stpo' [-Wimplicit-int]
xyano_prorate.pgc:11866:5: warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of 'operant' [-Wimplicit-int]
xyano_prorate.pgc: In function 'main':
xyano_prorate.pgc:13479:5: warning: 'return' with no value, in function returning non-void
xyano_prorate.pgc:13093:5: note: declared here
xyano_prorate.pgc: In function 'parcours_Hubs_Voyages':
xyano_prorate.pgc:817:7: warning: '__builtin_memcpy' writing 6 bytes into a region of size 5 overflows the destination [-Wstringop-overflow=]
xyano_prorate.pgc:634:41: note: destination object 'ArrTime1' of size 5
[100%] Linking C executable xyano_prorate_project
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o: in function `RollBackOrCommit':
xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0xe): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x6f): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x8a): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'

更多未定义引用错误 #

xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0xe): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x6f): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x8a): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x93): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0xb3): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o:xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0xd5): more undefined references to `ECPGget_sqlca' follow
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o: in function `RollBackOrCommit':
xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x140): undefined reference to `ECPGtrans'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x156): undefined reference to `ECPGtrans'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o: in function `parcours_Hubs_Voyages':
xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x8ac): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x8b8): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0xa8f): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o: in function `Enreg_in_Historique':
xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x140c): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x149d): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x1562): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x1618): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x1b98): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o:xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x1e14): more undefined references to `ECPGdo' follow
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o: in function `Voyage_et_Destination_eScan':
xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x1e20): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x1e93): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/xyano_prorate_project.dir/src/xyano_prorate.c.o: in function `Getpfm':
xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x48c6): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x48dc): undefined reference to `ECPGget_sqlca'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x4982): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x4a02): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'
/usr/bin/ld: xyano_prorate.c:(.text+0x4a7a): undefined reference to `ECPGdo'

解决方案 #

1. 解决链接错误（未定义引用ECPG函数） #

这些函数属于PostgreSQL的ECPG（Embedded C for PostgreSQL）库，需要在CMake中链接对应的库：

• 先确保系统安装了PostgreSQL开发包：
  • Debian/Ubuntu：sudo apt-get install postgresql-server-dev-all
  • RHEL/CentOS：sudo yum install postgresql-devel
• 修改CMakeLists.txt，添加库查找和链接逻辑：

# 查找PostgreSQL包
find_package(PostgreSQL REQUIRED)

# 添加可执行文件
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC_DIR}/xyano_prorate.c)

# 链接PostgreSQL的ECPG库
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE PostgreSQL::ECPG)

# 指定包含目录
target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC "${INC_DIR}" ${PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS})

2. 修复编译警告 #

• 隐式函数声明：在xyano_prorate.c开头添加缺失的头文件：

  #include <ctype.h>   // 解决tolower、toupper的隐式声明
  #include <unistd.h>  // 解决getcwd、chdir的隐式声明
  

• 无值返回：修改amountFC和main函数，确保返回对应类型的值（比如return 0;）。
• 隐式int类型：给unload_le_reste函数中的BkgClass、stpo、operant变量明确声明类型（根据实际业务需求选择char、int或自定义类型）。
• 内存拷贝溢出：检查parcours_Hubs_Voyages函数中的memcpy调用，要么扩大ArrTime1的缓冲区大小，要么调整拷贝的字节数，避免越界。

3. 修复CMake的语法警告 #

原CMakeLists.txt中target_include_directories行存在路径重复问题，将"${INC_DIR}"/headers改为"${INC_DIR}"：

target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC "${INC_DIR}")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者supertren