Golang YAML Unmarshal无法解析嵌套YAML键问题

我尝试从YAML文件加载一组对象，但嵌套的special_abilities属性始终无法被正确解析，结果为空切片。

相关代码与文件 #

用于Unmarshal的原结构体

type Deck struct {
    Characters []struct {
        Name             string `yaml:"name"`
        Cost             int    `yaml:"cost"`
        Health           int    `yaml:"health"`
        Attack           int    `yaml:"attack"`
        SpecialAbilities []struct {
            Name        string `yaml:"name"`
            Description string `yaml:"description"`
            Effect      string `yaml:"effect,omitempty"`
        } `yaml:"special_abilities"`
    } `yaml:"characters"`
}

加载函数

func LoadDeck() *Deck {
    yamlFile, err := os.ReadFile("characters.yaml")
    if err != nil {
        log.Println(err)
    }

    deck := &Deck{}
    err = yaml.Unmarshal(yamlFile, deck)
    if err != nil {
        log.Println(err)
    }

    return deck
}

待解析的characters.yaml文件

characters:
  - name: "Er Cipolla"
    cost: 5
    health: 10
    attack: 2
    special_abilities:
      - name: "Battelcry"
        description: "Makes everybody cry, it inflicts 1 damage"
        effect: "Something happens"
      - name: "Shield"
        description: "This minion shields the others"
  - name: "Fagiolino"
    cost: 2
    health: 2
    attack: 3
    special_abilities:
      - name: "Shield"
        description: "This minion shields the others"
        effect: "Something happens"

输出结果（special_abilities为空）

&{[{Er Cipolla 5 10 2 []} {Fagiolino 2 2 3 []}]}

问题原因 #

使用匿名嵌套结构体时，Go的YAML解析库（如gopkg.in/yaml.v2/v3）在反射解析过程中无法正确识别嵌套结构的字段映射关系，导致嵌套属性解析失败。

解决方案 #

将嵌套的匿名结构体定义为命名类型，让解析库能明确识别结构映射。修改后的结构体如下：

type SpecialAbility struct {
    Name        string `yaml:"name"`
    Description string `yaml:"description"`
    Effect      string `yaml:"effect,omitempty"`
}

type Character struct {
    Name             string           `yaml:"name"`
    Cost             int              `yaml:"cost"`
    Health           int              `yaml:"health"`
    Attack           int              `yaml:"attack"`
    SpecialAbilities []SpecialAbility `yaml:"special_abilities"`
}

type Deck struct {
    Characters []Character `yaml:"characters"`
}

修改后重新运行加载函数，special_abilities字段将被正确解析，输出会包含对应的嵌套属性内容。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者simone staffoli