Firestore触发Cloud Function发送推送通知时遇TypeError错误求助

问题描述 #

在使用Cloud Function基于Firestore存储的token、通知时间等信息发送推送通知时，触发以下错误：

TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'name')
    at beforeSnapshotConstructor (/workspace/node_modules/firebase-functions/lib/v1/providers/firestore.js:109:93)
    at changeConstructor (/workspace/node_modules/firebase-functions/lib/v1/providers/firestore.js:113:40)
    at cloudFunction (/workspace/node_modules/firebase-functions/lib/v1/cloud-functions.js:80:34)
    at /layers/google.nodejs.functions-framework/functions-framework/node_modules/@google-cloud/functions-framework/build/src/function_wrappers.js:98:17
    at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:77:11)

完整Cloud Function代码：

exports.scheduleNotifications = functions.firestore
  .document('users/{userId}')
  .onUpdate(async (change, context) => {
    const newData = change.after.data();
    const oldData = change.before.data();

    console.log('New data:', newData);
    console.log('Old data:', oldData);

    // Check if newData and oldData exist and are objects
    if (!newData || !oldData || typeof newData !== 'object' || typeof oldData !== 'object') {
      console.log('Invalid data format. Exiting function.');
      return null; // Exit function if data is missing or not in expected format
    }

    // Get notificationTime from newData and oldData
    const newNotificationTime = newData.notificationTime;
    const oldNotificationTime = oldData.notificationTime;

    // Check if notificationTime has been updated
    if (newNotificationTime !== oldNotificationTime) {
      console.log('Notification time updated. New time:', newNotificationTime);

      // Validate notificationTime format
      if (typeof newNotificationTime === 'string' && newNotificationTime.includes(':')) {
        // Parse notificationTime string into Date object
        const [hours, minutes] = newNotificationTime.split(':');
        const scheduledTime = new Date();
        scheduledTime.setHours(parseInt(hours, 10));
        scheduledTime.setMinutes(parseInt(minutes, 10));
        scheduledTime.setSeconds(0);
        scheduledTime.setMilliseconds(0);

        console.log('Scheduled time:', scheduledTime);

        const currentTime = new Date();
        console.log('Current time:', currentTime);

        // Compare current time with scheduled time
        if (currentTime >= scheduledTime) {
          // Send FCM notification
          const message = {
            notification: {
              title: 'Your Daily Affirmation',
              body: 'This is your scheduled notification message.',
            },
            token: newData.fcmToken, // Use the FCM token from the user document
          };

          console.log('Sending FCM message:', message);

          await admin.messaging().send(message);
          console.log('Scheduled notification sent successfully to user:', context.params.userId);
        } else {
          console.log('Scheduled notification is not yet due for user:', context.params.userId);
        }
      } else {
        console.log('Invalid or missing notificationTime format:', newNotificationTime);
      }
    } else {
      console.log('Notification time has not changed.');
    }
  });

即使简化为以下代码，错误仍未消失：

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');

admin.initializeApp();
const firestore = admin.firestore();

exports.scheduleNotifications = functions.firestore
  .document('users/{userId}')
  .onUpdate(async (change, context) => {   });

解决步骤 #

1. 修复依赖版本兼容性 #

该错误大多源于firebase-functions与firebase-admin版本不匹配或过旧：

• 查看当前依赖版本：

  npm list firebase-functions firebase-admin
  

• 升级到兼容的最新稳定版：

  npm install firebase-functions@latest firebase-admin@latest
  

• 同步更新Firebase CLI：

  npm install -g firebase-tools
  

2. 规范函数部署流程 #

确保使用Firebase CLI标准命令部署：

firebase deploy --only functions:scheduleNotifications

避免使用第三方部署工具，防止环境变量或依赖加载异常。

3. 验证触发器路径配置 #

确认users/{userId}路径正确，Firestore中存在users集合，且文档ID格式符合预期。

4. 本地模拟器测试 #

使用Firebase Emulator Suite排查云端环境问题：

• 启动模拟器：

  firebase emulators:start --only functions,firestore
  

• 更新Firestore中的users文档，观察函数日志是否正常运行。

5. 检查Node.js版本兼容性 #

确保项目使用的Node.js版本符合firebase-functions要求（推荐v18或v20），可在package.json中指定：

"engines": {
  "node": "18"
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者great8