Windows11下安装waferslim失败求助及FitNesse测试替代方案咨询

一、安装失败的原因 #

1. pip安装失败的核心原因 #

你的pip安装报错信息如下：

$ pip install waferslim
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement waferslim (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for waferslim
$ python --version
Python 3.11.9
$ pip --version
pip 24.0 from C:\Users\Cheng\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python311\site-packages\pip (python 3.11)

waferslim在PyPI上的最新版本（1.0.2）仅适配Python 3.1，而你使用的是Python 3.11，两者版本差距过大，Python的语法、标准库API在这期间有大量变更。pip会根据包的元数据过滤不兼容的版本，因此直接执行pip install waferslim会提示找不到匹配版本，这和压缩包中有没有requirements.txt无关。

2. 手动安装失败的原因 #

手动执行python setup.py install时的报错信息：

$ python setup.py install
running install
C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_3.11.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py:34: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: setup.py install is deprecated. Use build and pip and other standards-based tools.
  warnings.warn(
C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_3.11.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\easy_install.py:144: EasyInstallDeprecationWarning: easy_install command is deprecated. Use build and pip and other standards-based tools.
  warnings.warn(
error: can't create or remove files in install directory

The following error occurred while trying to add or remove files in the
installation directory:

    [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'C:\\Program Files\\WindowsApps\\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_3.11.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\\Lib\\site-packages\\test-easy-install-20500.write-test'

The installation directory you specified (via --install-dir, --prefix, or
the distutils default setting) was:
    C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_3.11.2544.0_x64__qbz5n2kfra8p0\Lib\site-packages\

Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory?  If the
installation directory is a system-owned directory, you may need to sign in
as the administrator or "root" account.  If you do not have administrative
access to this machine, you may wish to choose a different installation
directory, preferably one that is listed in your PYTHONPATH environment
variable.

For information on other options, you may wish to consult the
documentation at:

  https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/deprecated/easy_install.html

Please make the appropriate changes for your system and try again.

直接报错原因是Windows Store版Python的安装目录权限限制：该版本Python安装在系统受保护的C:\Program Files\WindowsApps目录下，即使管理员账号也无法直接写入。另外，即便解决权限问题，waferslim的代码也无法在Python3.11上正常运行，因为版本兼容性问题无法解决。

二、FitNesse Slim测试的Python替代方案 #

推荐几个维护更活跃、支持高版本Python的Slim协议实现：

• slim4py：支持Python 3.6+，完全兼容FitNesse Slim协议，安装命令：pip install slim4py
• pyslim：轻量型Slim协议实现，适配Python3.7+，可直接通过pip安装，文档完善
• 自定义客户端：如果以上库不符合需求，可基于FitNesse Slim的协议规范自行实现简单客户端，协议核心是Socket通信与指令解析，逻辑不复杂

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user747562