如何通过Python SDK筛选处于运行状态的Azure虚拟机

我有一个Python脚本，可列出特定Azure资源组中的所有虚拟机（VM），并收集打印VM名称、位置、规格、操作系统类型等信息。当前脚本如下：

from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
from azure.mgmt.compute import ComputeManagementClient
from azure.mgmt.resource import ResourceManagementClient

subscription_id = 'xxxxxxxxxx'
resource_group_name = 'yyyyyyyyyy'

credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
compute_client = ComputeManagementClient(credential, subscription_id)
resource_client = ResourceManagementClient(credential, subscription_id)

vm_list = compute_client.virtual_machines.list(resource_group_name)

vm_details_list = []

for vm in vm_list:
    vm_details = {
        'name': vm.name,
        'location': vm.location,
        'vm_size': vm.hardware_profile.vm_size,
        'os_type': vm.storage_profile.os_disk.os_type
    }
    vm_details_list.append(vm_details)

for vm in vm_details_list:
    print(f"VM Name: {vm['name']}")
    print(f"Location: {vm['location']}")
    print(f"VM Size: {vm['vm_size']}")
    print(f"OS Type: {vm['os_type']}")
    print('---')

需要修改此脚本，使其仅列出状态为running的VM，实现方法如下：

核心思路 #

默认的virtual_machines.list()仅返回VM的基础配置信息，不包含运行状态。需要通过virtual_machines.get()方法并指定expand='instanceView'参数，获取包含VM运行状态的实例视图，然后筛选出状态为VM running的机器。

修改后的完整脚本 #

from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
from azure.mgmt.compute import ComputeManagementClient
from azure.mgmt.resource import ResourceManagementClient

subscription_id = 'xxxxxxxxxx'
resource_group_name = 'yyyyyyyyyy'

credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
compute_client = ComputeManagementClient(credential, subscription_id)
resource_client = ResourceManagementClient(credential, subscription_id)

vm_list = compute_client.virtual_machines.list(resource_group_name)

vm_details_list = []

for vm in vm_list:
    # 获取VM的实例视图，包含运行状态信息
    vm_instance = compute_client.virtual_machines.get(
        resource_group_name,
        vm.name,
        expand='instanceView'
    )
    
    # 从实例视图的状态列表中提取电源状态
    power_state = next(
        status.display_status for status in vm_instance.instance_view.statuses
        if status.code.startswith('PowerState/')
    )
    
    # 仅保留运行中的VM
    if power_state == 'VM running':
        vm_details = {
            'name': vm.name,
            'location': vm.location,
            'vm_size': vm.hardware_profile.vm_size,
            'os_type': vm.storage_profile.os_disk.os_type
        }
        vm_details_list.append(vm_details)

for vm in vm_details_list:
    print(f"VM Name: {vm['name']}")
    print(f"Location: {vm['location']}")
    print(f"VM Size: {vm['vm_size']}")
    print(f"OS Type: {vm['os_type']}")
    print('---')

关键代码说明 #

1. 获取实例视图：调用compute_client.virtual_machines.get()时添加expand='instanceView'，让返回结果包含VM的运行状态等实时信息。
2. 筛选电源状态：从实例视图的statuses列表中找到以PowerState/开头的状态项，其display_status为VM running时表示虚拟机处于运行状态。
3. 条件过滤：仅当VM状态为运行中时，才将其信息加入结果列表。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user15042420