C#代码控制台运行正常，Word插件调用Azure语言服务失败求助

我C#开发经验有限，正在开发一款Word插件，功能是选中文档文本后调用Azure语言服务API。这段代码在独立Windows控制台应用中可正常运行：

Debug.WriteLine("beginning of the try");
string azureEndpoint = "https://redacted.cognitiveservices.azure.com/"; // 替换为实际端点URL
string subscriptionKey = "redacted"; // 替换为实际订阅密钥

Uri endpoint = new Uri(azureEndpoint);
AzureKeyCredential credential = new AzureKeyCredential(subscriptionKey);

QuestionAnsweringClient client = new QuestionAnsweringClient(endpoint, credential);

string projectName = "redacted";
string deploymentName = "production";
QuestionAnsweringProject project = new QuestionAnsweringProject(projectName, deploymentName);
Response<AnswersResult> response = client.GetAnswers("Where is your headquarters?", project);

foreach (KnowledgeBaseAnswer answer in response.Value.Answers)
{
    Debug.WriteLine($"({answer.Confidence:P2}) {answer.Answer}");
    Debug.WriteLine($"Source: {answer.Source}");
    Debug.WriteLine($"Confidence:  {answer.Confidence}");
}

但将代码绑定到Word插件按钮点击事件时出现错误（错误码10054：远程主机强制关闭现有连接），尝试改用异步调用后问题依旧，最终报错“重试4次后失败”，插件相关代码如下：

private void button7_Click(object sender, RibbonControlEventArgs e)
{
    var rng = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.Range;
    rng.Select();
    var selectedText = rng.Text;

    try
    {
         Debug.WriteLine("beginning of the try");
         string azureEndpoint = "https://redacted.cognitiveservices.azure.com/"; // 替换为实际端点URL
        string subscriptionKey = "redacted"; // 替换为实际订阅密钥

        Uri endpoint = new Uri(azureEndpoint);
        AzureKeyCredential credential = new AzureKeyCredential(subscriptionKey);

        QuestionAnsweringClient client = new QuestionAnsweringClient(endpoint, credential);

        string projectName = "redacted";
        string deploymentName = "production";
        QuestionAnsweringProject project = new QuestionAnsweringProject(projectName, deploymentName);
        Response<AnswersResult> response = client.GetAnswers("Where is your headquarters?", project);

        foreach (KnowledgeBaseAnswer answer in response.Value.Answers)
        {
            Debug.WriteLine($"({answer.Confidence:P2}) {answer.Answer}");
            Debug.WriteLine($"Source: {answer.Source}");
            Debug.WriteLine($"Confidence:  {answer.Confidence}");
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // 处理异常（如网络错误、无效响应）
        MessageBox.Show("Error calling Azure Language Service API: " + ex.Message );
    }
}

问题排查与解决方法 #

• Office网络环境限制
  Office应用可能受组策略或代理配置影响，无法正常连接Azure服务。

  • 检查Word网络权限：依次点击「文件」→「选项」→「信任中心」→「信任中心设置」→「隐私选项」，确认允许Office连接互联网。
  • 手动配置代理（如果环境需要）：为客户端指定代理信息，示例代码如下：

    var handler = new HttpClientHandler
    {
        Proxy = new WebProxy("http://你的代理地址:端口"),
        UseProxy = true
    };
    var httpClient = new HttpClient(handler);
    var clientOptions = new QuestionAnsweringClientOptions { HttpClient = httpClient };
    QuestionAnsweringClient client = new QuestionAnsweringClient(endpoint, credential, clientOptions);
    

• 正确实现异步调用
  Office插件UI线程不能被长时间阻塞，需使用异步API并正确标记事件方法为async void：

  private async void button7_Click(object sender, RibbonControlEventArgs e)
  {
      var rng = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.Selection.Range;
      var selectedText = rng.Text;
  
      try
      {
          Debug.WriteLine("beginning of the try");
          string azureEndpoint = "https://redacted.cognitiveservices.azure.com/";
          string subscriptionKey = "redacted";
  
          Uri endpoint = new Uri(azureEndpoint);
          AzureKeyCredential credential = new AzureKeyCredential(subscriptionKey);
  
          QuestionAnsweringClient client = new QuestionAnsweringClient(endpoint, credential);
  
          string projectName = "redacted";
          string deploymentName = "production";
          QuestionAnsweringProject project = new QuestionAnsweringProject(projectName, deploymentName);
          // 调用异步版本API
          Response<AnswersResult> response = await client.GetAnswersAsync("Where is your headquarters?", project);
  
          foreach (KnowledgeBaseAnswer answer in response.Value.Answers)
          {
              Debug.WriteLine($"({answer.Confidence:P2}) {answer.Answer}");
              Debug.WriteLine($"Source: {answer.Source}");
              Debug.WriteLine($"Confidence:  {answer.Confidence}");
          }
      }
      catch (Exception ex)
      {
          MessageBox.Show("调用Azure语言服务API出错: " + ex.Message);
      }
  }
  

• Azure服务防火墙限制
  登录Azure门户，找到对应的认知服务资源，进入「网络」设置，检查是否允许插件所在机器的IP访问。测试阶段可临时开启“允许从所有网络访问”，生产环境建议限制指定IP范围。

• 统一NuGet包版本
  确认控制台和插件中使用的Azure.AI.Language.QuestionAnswering NuGet包版本一致，优先使用最新稳定版，避免版本差异导致的兼容性问题。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者AdamCodes716